جستجوی استاد راهنمای دانشگاهی

Micah Haleمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Civil Engineering
• Structural Engineering
• Concrete Materials
• +۵ مورد دیگر

Micah Hale is a Professor and Department Head of Civil Engineering at the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, and holds the Twenty First Century Endowed Leadership Chair in Civil Engineering. His work focuses on concrete materials, structural performance, and sustainable construction practices. Education: Ph.D., M.S., and B.S. in Civil Engineering from the University of Oklahoma. Dr. Hale’s research explores High-Performance Concrete , Bond Behavior of Prestressing Strands , and Mitigation of Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) . He also investigates Thermal Energy Storage applications for solar power systems and sustainable ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) development. His publications highlight advancements in concrete durability, prestressed girder analysis, and environmentally conscious material design. Recent studies emphasize calcium oxychloride formation , prestress transfer modeling , and self-consolidating concrete optimization. His scholarly output spans structural mechanics, chemical durability, and material sustainability. Awards: Twenty First Century Endowed Leadership Chair in Civil Engineering As an educator, Dr. Hale teaches Reinforced Concrete Design , Prestressed Concrete Design , and Concrete Materials and Mixture Proportioning . His contributions to engineering ethics education and student engagement further underscore his academic leadership.

Kevin Mackieمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Structural Engineering
• Bridge Engineering
• Performance-Based Engineering
• +۷ مورد دیگر

Kevin Mackie is Professor and Chair of the Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering (CECE) at the University of Central Florida’s College of Engineering. He has been a faculty member since 2006, advancing from assistant to full professor, and previously served as associate chair and interim department chair. His leadership includes spearheading departmental improvements in culture, workload policy, and digital accessibility. Education: Ph.D. in Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley (2004) M.S. in Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley (2000) B.E. in Engineering, Cooper Union, New York (1998) His research focuses on structural engineering , particularly in bridge engineering , performance-based seismic design , nonlinear analysis , and advanced materials for infrastructure repair . He integrates analytical, numerical, and experimental methods to assess and improve the resilience of civil infrastructure under extreme loads. His work addresses critical challenges in soil-structure interaction, seismic retrofitting, and the use of composites and smart materials. The 15 most recent publications reflect a strong emphasis on nonlinear modeling , seismic performance , and computational structural analysis of bridges and tall buildings. Key themes include fiber-based modeling, contact-friction problems, soil-structure interaction, and probabilistic assessment, demonstrating a consistent trajectory toward resilient and sustainable infrastructure systems. Scientific Awards: Faculty advisor of the year (2022, 2021, 2019) – ASCE East Central Branch and Florida Section Technical Contribution Leader Award Winner (2021) – ASCE East Central Branch Distinguished faculty member at UCF (2018) – Department of Housing and Residence Life Arthur N.L. Chiu Award for excellence as faculty advisor (2018) – Chi Epsilon Honor Society Mackie has been a dedicated mentor, supervising 11 doctoral , 18 master’s , and over 30 undergraduate students . His research has been funded by the National Science Foundation , U.S. Department of Transportation , Caltrans , FDOT , and industry partners. He has published nearly 200 papers and been cited over 7,000 times. He led the reaccreditation of CECE’s undergraduate programs and established the accelerated bachelor’s-to-master’s pathway. He leads the Structures Laboratory at UCF and collaborates with multidisciplinary teams on infrastructure resilience. His vision includes expanding graduate programs, strengthening industry partnerships, and diversifying the Senior Design curriculum to reflect real-world engineering challenges.

• Earthquake Engineering
• Structural Dynamics
• Numerical Modeling
• +۷ مورد دیگر

Prof. Dr. Ercan Yüksel is a full Professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at Istanbul Technical University (ITU), College of Engineering. He has been a faculty member at ITU since 1990, progressing from Assistant Professor to Professor in 2017. His research focuses on earthquake engineering, structural dynamics, and numerical modeling, with applications in seismic design, energy dissipation, and structural health monitoring. PhD, Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University MS, Structural Engineering (with thesis), Istanbul Technical University BS, Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University His research interests are centered on earthquake engineering , particularly seismic input energy analysis , energy dissipation systems , reinforced and precast concrete structures , and seismic isolation . He actively investigates the dynamic behavior of structures under earthquake loads and develops innovative solutions for improving structural resilience. His work integrates advanced numerical modeling with experimental validation. Recent publications (2023–2025) highlight a strong focus on energy-based seismic design, performance of mechanical couplers, damping systems for high-voltage insulators, and fatigue behavior of railway tracks. These works are closely tied to real-world seismic events like the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake, demonstrating applied and impactful research. His scientific recognition includes: Notable Work Award, Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), 2012 Golden Beam Award, Turkish Prefabricated Association, 2011 Prof. Yüksel is an active Principal Investigator on multiple research projects funded by ITU’s BAP program, covering topics such as smart sleepers for railway monitoring, novel seismic input energy spectra, and earthquake isolation for racking systems. He has supervised numerous theses and is involved in professional organizations including UNESCO-IPRED and the Turkish Earthquake Foundation. He leads research on structural health monitoring of ballasted railway lines using smart sleeper technology and is developing earthquake isolation systems for industrial storage racks. His lab integrates experimental testing with numerical simulation to validate new structural components under cyclic and biaxial loading.

Johnson Xuesong Shenمشاهده پروفایل

دانشیار

• Digital Twins
• Building Information Modeling (BIM)
• Construction Automation
• +۵ مورد دیگر

Dr. Johnson Xuesong Shen is an Associate Professor at the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of New South Wales . His work integrates Digital Twins , Building Information Modeling (BIM) , and Construction Automation with a focus on robotics, AI, and LiDAR/UAS technologies. Research Interests: Digital Twins, BIM, Construction Robotics, Emissions Modeling, LiDAR/UAS, Structural Health Monitoring Education: Ph.D. in Construction Engineering and Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University His publications span 2025–2005, emphasizing construction automation , environmental impact reduction , and innovative tunneling solutions . Recent work includes IoT-Bayes fusion for real-time safety monitoring and life cycle analysis of construction waste. Scientific Awards: Vice Chancellor's Award for Teaching Excellence, UNSW, 2014 Best PhD Student Paper Award, CONVR, UK, 2013 Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Alberta, 2011-2013 Best Paper Award, ASCE Construction Research Congress, 2010 Dr. Shen mentors 9 PhD candidates in areas like 3D object detection , fuel consumption modeling , and UAV-based LiDAR . His grants include $5.98M from the Australian Research Council (2022–2027) for resilient infrastructure systems and projects on modular construction and intelligent tunneling .

• Building Information Modeling (BIM)
• Civil Engineering Informatics
• Tunneling and Underground Construction
• +۵ مورد دیگر

Markus König is a Professor of Informatics in Civil Engineering at Ruhr University Bochum, where he has been researching and teaching since October 2009. His work focuses on Building Information Modeling (BIM), digital construction technologies, and civil engineering informatics, with significant contributions to the development and implementation of digital methods in German construction industry. Dr. König earned his degree in civil engineering with a focus on applied computer science at Leibniz University Hannover, where he also completed his doctorate on cooperative building planning at the Institute for Building Informatics. He subsequently held a junior professorship for Theoretical Methods of Project Management at Bauhaus University Weimar before joining Ruhr University Bochum. His research spans multiple cutting-edge areas including Building Information Modeling (BIM), construction process simulation, tunneling informatics, infrastructure asset management, and the application of artificial intelligence and computer vision in civil engineering. As chair of the Building Informatics Working Group from 2012-2016, he played a key role in developing the first national BIM curriculum for German universities and serves as editor of the book 'Building Information Modeling: Technological Foundations and Industrial Practice.' Analysis of his recent publications reveals a strong trend toward semantic technologies, digital twins, automated compliance checking, and the integration of AI in construction processes. His work increasingly focuses on information containers, ontology development, and the application of large language models to infrastructure data, reflecting the evolving landscape of digital construction. Dr. König's significant contributions to digital construction have been recognized with prestigious awards: Lower Saxony-Bremen Construction Industry Award (2017) for 'services in the development and introduction of digital construction in Germany' Konrad Zuse Medal (2020) While specific details about his advising and grant activities aren't explicitly mentioned in the provided text, his extensive publication record with numerous co-authors suggests active supervision of doctoral students and research staff. His involvement in multiple collaborative research projects is evident from his publication history. At Ruhr University Bochum, Professor König leads a research group focused on civil engineering informatics, with particular emphasis on BIM, digital construction technologies, and their application across the building lifecycle. His team appears to work at the intersection of computer science and civil engineering, developing innovative solutions for construction process optimization, infrastructure management, and digital transformation of the AEC industry.

Badogiannis Efstratiosمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Sustainable Concrete Technology
• Pozzolanic Materials
• Durability of Concrete
• +۶ مورد دیگر

Badogiannis Efstratios is a Professor at the Department of Structural Engineering , National Technical University of Athens. He serves as Deputy Dean and works in the Reinforced Concrete Laboratory, Zografou Campus, Athens, Greece. Email: badstrat@central.ntua.gr Phone: +30 210 772 1266 Research Interests: Focus on sustainable concrete technology, pozzolanic materials (metakaolin, palygorskite clay), durability of lightweight and self-compacting concrete, seismic isolation systems for bridges, application of artificial neural networks in civil engineering, and mechanical/thermal activation of clays. Publication Trends: Recent work emphasizes AI-driven rheological modeling, seismic resilience of precast bridge systems, durability of concretes incorporating industrial by-products (e.g., by-pass filter dust, rice husk ash), and nano-materials for structural health monitoring. Laboratory Affiliation: Actively contributes to research at the Reinforced Concrete Laboratory, focusing on sustainability, corrosion resistance, and innovative construction techniques.

• Seismic Engineering
• Structural Engineering
• Reinforced Concrete Structures
• +۳ مورد دیگر

Paolo Riva is a Full Professor of Structural Engineering at the Department of Design and Technologies of the Faculty of Engineering, University of Bergamo. He has served as Dean of the Faculty of Engineering (2009-2012) and Director of the Department of Engineering at the same university since 2012. His expertise lies in seismic engineering and structural analysis of reinforced concrete structures. Professor Riva graduated in Civil Engineering from Politecnico di Milano in 1984 and earned his Ph.D. in Civil Engineering from the University of Waterloo, Canada in 1987. He began his academic career as a researcher at the University of Brescia (1991-2001), became Associate Professor there in 2001, and joined the University of Bergamo as Full Professor in 2005. His primary research interests focus on the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete structures, particularly structural walls and prefabricated structures. He also specializes in seismic retrofitting of historic buildings, nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete structures, and fire behavior of reinforced concrete structures. His work bridges theoretical analysis with practical applications for enhancing structural safety in earthquake-prone regions. Professor Riva's recent publications demonstrate a strong focus on seismic damage assessment, structural retrofitting solutions, and sustainability in structural engineering. His research often addresses practical challenges in post-earthquake scenarios, including damage identification through advanced monitoring techniques and development of innovative retrofit strategies for existing structures. A notable trend is his increasing emphasis on integrating sustainability principles into seismic retrofitting practices. Seismic Reliability of Structures (WP3 - Reluis), 2022, 24 months Structural vulnerability models for natural hazards and industrial cascading effects, 2024, 33 months Sustainable Approaches For Earthquake Resistant_REhabilitation solutions for the BUILT environment, 2024, 15 months Professor Riva has directed all these research projects as Scientific Director. His expertise has been recognized through appointments to post-seismic emergency commissions following major earthquakes in Italy, where he provided critical guidance on intervention methods for seismic repairs and improvements for public and monumental buildings.

Mehdi Kashaniمشاهده پروفایل

دانشیار

• Structural Engineering
• Earthquake Engineering
• Civil Infrastructure Resilience
• +۳ مورد دیگر

Dr. Mehdi Kashani is an Associate Professor in Structural and Earthquake Engineering at the University of Southampton's School of Engineering, part of the Infrastructure Research Group. He holds a PhD from the University of Bristol (2014), an MSc from the University of Surrey (2006), and a BSc from Shahid Rajaee University (2005). He was a visiting scholar at the University of Washington in 2013. His research focuses on advanced computational and experimental techniques for assessing civil infrastructure under extreme loads and hazards, including earthquake engineering, corrosion effects, and bridge resilience. Notable contributions include work on the London Olympic Cable Car project (winner of the 2013 Institution of Structural Engineers award). He collaborates with industry partners like Jacobs Engineering. Current research projects include the EPSRC-funded RESIST initiative and studies on seismic vulnerability of precast structures. He supervises PhD students in Engineering and Environmental fields and accepts applications for further PhD candidates. Award recognition includes the 2013 Infrastructure and Transportation Structures award. His academic contributions span editorial roles in journals like Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers .

Jerome F. Hajjarمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Sustainable and Resilient Steel Structures
• Composite Steel/Concrete Structures
• Earthquake Engineering
• +۷ مورد دیگر

Jerome F. Hajjar is a University Distinguished Professor and CDM Smith Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Northeastern University, with an affiliation in Marine and Environmental Sciences. He holds a PhD in Structural Engineering from Cornell University (1988) and is a licensed Professional Engineer in Illinois and Minnesota. PhD, Structural Engineering, Cornell University, 1988 MS, Structural Engineering, Cornell University, 1985 BS, Engineering Mechanics, Yale University, 1982 Hajjar’s research focuses on sustainable and resilient steel/concrete composite structures , earthquake engineering , structural stability , and large-scale experimental testing . He pioneered design for deconstruction and physics-guided machine learning for structural analysis. His work addresses climate change risks through offshore wind resilience and hurricane risk assessment. His recent publications emphasize carbon reduction strategies via steel-CLT hybrids, machine learning techniques for seismic modeling, and experimental programs on composite diaphragms. Hajjar’s projects include the STReSS Laboratory , equipped with a reinforced concrete strong floor for full-scale structural testing. 2025 William H. Wisely American Civil Engineer Award 2025 SSRC Distinguished Member Award 2021 AISC Lifetime Achievement Award 2018 Robert D. Klein Lectureship 2007 ASCE Fellow Hajjar mentors PhD students, including R. Bailey Bond (2024), and leads major initiatives like the Academic Center for Reliability and Resilience of Offshore Wind (ARROW) and the Steel Diaphragm Innovation Initiative . His advocacy extends to integrating sustainability, resilience, and equity into national building codes through roles in the Structural Engineering Institute and American Society of Civil Engineers.

Habib Tabatabaiمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Structural Engineering
• Bridge Reliability
• Infrastructure Durability
• +۲ مورد دیگر

Habib Tabatabai is a Professor and Director of the Structural Engineering Lab in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee's College of Engineering & Applied Science. He holds a PhD, ME, and BCe from the University of Florida. His research focuses on bridge reliability, construction materials, structural health monitoring, and infrastructure durability. He is currently on sabbatical for Fall 2024. Research interests include: reliability analysis of bridges, utilization of industrial byproducts in construction, damage detection methods, and rehabilitation techniques for aging infrastructure. His publications primarily explore themes in structural mechanics, materials science, and infrastructure sustainability, with recent articles focusing on concrete technology, bridge safety assessments, and recycled construction materials.

Muhammad M. Sherifمشاهده پروفایل

استادیار

• Smart Materials
• Structural Systems
• Machine Learning Applications
• +۴ مورد دیگر

Dr. Muhammad M. Sherif is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), part of the School of Engineering. He joined UAB in Fall 2019 after completing his Ph.D. at the University of Virginia and M.S. at Carnegie Mellon University, both in structural engineering. His research focuses on smart materials, structural systems, and machine learning applications in civil infrastructure. He is particularly interested in additive manufacturing for construction and the development of innovative materials like engineered cementitious composites. Education: B.S., United Arab Emirates University M.S., Carnegie Mellon University Ph.D., University of Virginia Research Interests: Dr. Sherif’s work spans material characterization, machine learning models for structural analysis, and the integration of advanced materials into infrastructure systems. He explores topics like crack detection using UAVs, superelastic shape memory alloys, and multi-objective optimization in welding processes. His Advanced Materials and Smart Infrastructure Systems (AMSIS) lab emphasizes interdisciplinary approaches to solving civil engineering challenges. Publications: His recent work includes studies on UAV-based pavement crack detection, machine learning for concrete strength prediction, and optimization of tube-to-tubesheet joints. These reflect trends toward AI-driven solutions and sustainable material innovations. Advising: He actively mentors students in multidisciplinary research projects, emphasizing self-motivation and innovation. His lab collaborates on topics like composite materials, structural health monitoring, and infrastructure resilience. Labs/Teams: His AMSIS lab at UAB focuses on advancing smart materials and infrastructure systems through cutting-edge research and collaboration.

Cameron Murrayمشاهده پروفایل

دانشیار

• Concrete Technology
• Alternative Cements
• Prestressed Concrete
• +۶ مورد دیگر

Cameron Murray is an Associate Professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Arkansas. He specializes in concrete research with a focus on alternative cement technologies, particularly belitic calcium sulfoaluminate (BCSA) cement, and prestressed concrete structures. Dr. Murray directs a research group that investigates rapid-setting concrete materials for infrastructure repair and bridge engineering applications. His work bridges fundamental material science with practical engineering solutions for transportation infrastructure. Dr. Murray's educational background includes: Ph.D. in Civil Engineering from the University of Oklahoma (2017) M.S. in Civil Engineering from the University of Arkansas (2014) B.S. in Civil Engineering from the University of Arkansas (2012) Dr. Murray's research focuses on innovative concrete technologies with particular emphasis on alternative cementitious materials that offer environmental benefits and rapid-setting properties. His work explores the structural applications of belitic calcium sulfoaluminate (BCSA) cement for infrastructure repair, prestressed concrete systems, and bridge engineering. He investigates material properties, durability mechanisms, and structural performance to develop practical solutions for transportation infrastructure challenges. His research addresses critical issues such as early-age concrete behavior, corrosion resistance, and sustainable construction practices that reduce carbon emissions in the concrete industry. Analysis of Dr. Murray's recent publications reveals a strong focus on alternative cement technologies, particularly belitic calcium sulfoaluminate (BCSA) cement and its structural applications. His work spans material characterization, structural performance testing, and practical implementation in transportation infrastructure. Key research themes include rapid-setting concrete for infrastructure repair, prestressed concrete behavior, and sustainable concrete technologies with reduced carbon footprints. His publications demonstrate a progression from fundamental material studies to applied research addressing real-world infrastructure challenges, particularly in bridge engineering and rapid repair applications. Dr. Murray has received significant recognition for his teaching and research contributions: Department's outstanding teacher award (three times) College of Engineering Rising Teacher Award (2022-23) ACI Walter P Moore, Jr. Faculty Achievement Award (2022) Dr. Murray has successfully mentored numerous graduate students through their research projects, with a particular focus on concrete technology and structural engineering applications. His research group has secured substantial external funding totaling $6.2 million as PI or Co-PI, with additional $650,000 in equipment donations. Current funding sources include state DOTs, concrete industry groups, private industry, and federal agencies such as the US Army Corps of Engineers. His projects address critical infrastructure needs including rapid bridge deployment systems, alternative cement technologies, and concrete durability solutions. Dr. Murray directs the Concrete Research Laboratory at the University of Arkansas, located at the Grady Harvell Civil Engineering Research and Education Center (CEREC). The laboratory features a 20,000 sq. ft. high-bay testing area with a 100 ft. by 40 ft. strong floor, capable of handling large-scale structural testing. The facility includes specialized equipment for concrete material characterization, structural testing of reinforced and prestressed concrete members, and environmental monitoring systems. His research team collaborates with industry partners including Coreslab Structures and government agencies to address practical infrastructure challenges.

Spencer Quielمشاهده پروفایل

دانشیار

• Structural Engineering
• Fire Engineering
• Blast Resistance
• +۳ مورد دیگر

Dr. Spencer Quiel is an Associate Professor of Structural Engineering at Lehigh University's P.C. Rossin College of Engineering and Applied Science. His research focuses on structural resilience to extreme loads such as fire, blast, and progressive collapse, with particular emphasis on bridges, tunnels, and building systems. He has secured over $1.5 million in grants from NSF, USDOT, and others, and his work is published in leading journals like Engineering Structures and Fire Safety Journal. Prior to academia, he worked at Hinman Consulting Engineers, contributing to structural designs for hazard resistance. He holds a PhD from Princeton University (2009) and a BS from Notre Dame (2004), supported by a DHS Fellowship during his doctoral studies. Dr. Quiel teaches undergraduate courses in engineering statics and civil engineering design, as well as graduate-level structural fire engineering. He currently serves as Vice Chair of the PCI Blast Resistance and Structural Integrity Committee and contributed to ASCE standards on fire loads and structural fire engineering. His research group focuses on experimental testing, numerical modeling, and large-scale infrastructure resilience. Education: PhD, Civil Engineering, Princeton University (2009) Professional Affiliations: ASCE, AISC, PCI Licenses: Professional Engineer (PA, VA) Key Projects: World Trade Center collapse studies, tunnel liner resilience, thermal energy storage systems His research interests span structural fire effects, blast-resistant design, progressive collapse frameworks, and innovative cladding systems. Recent work includes developing fire-resistant tunnel liners and thermal energy storage solutions using concrete matrices. He also investigates multi-hazard simulation methods for tall buildings using real-time hybrid techniques.

• Structural Engineering
• Material Science
• Resilient Infrastructure
• +۵ مورد دیگر

Jeffery S. Volz holds the title of Associate Dean for Partnerships and is a Lloyd G. and Joyce Austin Presidential Professor at the University of Oklahoma 's Gallogly College of Engineering. He is affiliated with the School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science (CEES), where he previously served as associate director for undergraduate studies and director of the Donald G. Fears Structural Engineering Laboratory. His academic journey includes roles in industry for 16 years at firms like Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, and the Portland Cement Association. Education : PhD, Civil Engineering, Pennsylvania State University MS, Architectural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University BAE, Architectural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University Research Focus : Volz's work centers on structural engineering and material science , emphasizing resilient and sustainable infrastructure solutions. Key areas include UHPC applications, bridge column reinforcement, and recycled material utilization in concrete. His research has been funded by NSF, DoD, FHWA, and industry partners like Ameren Corporation and Dolese. Grants & Projects : Over 20 grants since 2013, including studies on UHPC link slabs, FRP bridge decks, and high-volume recycled materials in pavements. He has led projects addressing bridge-pavement interaction, in-stream structure erosion effects, and corrosion-resistant concrete formulations. Labs & Teams : Director of the Donald G. Fears Structural Engineering Laboratory . Advises ASCE student chapters and competition teams (Concrete Canoe, Steel Bridge).

Tomasz Siwowskiمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Civil Engineering
• Structural Engineering
• Composite Materials in Construction
• +۴ مورد دیگر

Prof. Tomasz Siwowski, PhD, DSc, Eng., is the Head of the Department of Roads and Bridges at the Faculty of Civil, Environmental Engineering and Architecture, Rzeszów University of Technology. Appointed as the Minister of Science's representative to the Scientific Council of the Road and Bridge Research Institute, he specializes in structural analysis, composite materials, fatigue strength, and infrastructure durability. His work bridges academic research with practical applications in large-scale infrastructure projects. PhD, DSc, Eng. in Civil Engineering Expert in composite materials and bridge diagnostics Over 200 publications and patents His research focuses on new materials for road infrastructure , diagnostics and durability of structures , and fatigue analysis of steel bridges . Recent studies include implementing FRP composites for bridge decks and repurposing renewable energy components in civil engineering. The 15 most recent publications highlight advancements in distributed fiber optic sensing for structural health monitoring and hybrid construction systems combining concrete with composite materials. As President of Promost Consulting , he directs design and management of major infrastructure projects. The Road and Bridge Research Institute, where he serves on the Scientific Council, develops innovative materials and European-standard construction systems for transportation facilities. His career spans both academic leadership and practical bridge construction supervision .