جست‌وجوی استاد و پژوهشگر

• Drug Discovery
• Chemical Biology
• Pharmacology
• +۳ مورد دیگر

Robert J DeVita, PhD, is a Professor in the Department of Pharmacological Sciences at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. His research program focuses on developing novel chemical and biological tools for drug discovery across diverse therapeutic areas, with particular emphasis on: Target identification and validation in disease mechanisms Heterocyclic chemistry and carbon-carbon bond formation Translational biomarker development Preclinical animal model studies Dr. DeVita's laboratory collaborates extensively with the Mount Sinai research community, supporting drug discovery initiatives through chemical tool development and lead optimization efforts. His educational background includes a PhD in Organic Chemistry from the University of Rochester and postdoctoral training at the University of Geneva. Scientific contributions include: 1985 Sherman Clarke Fellow 1988 American Chemical Society Fellow 1988 Elon Huntington Hooker Fellow 1989 National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship His recent publications and research activities demonstrate expertise in: Diabetes therapeutics through β-cell regeneration Neurodegenerative disease interventions Cancer treatment via ubiquitin ligase inhibition Inflammatory disease modulation through kinase targeting Mitochondrial dysfunction therapies Functional genomics applications

• Metabolism
• Endocrinology
• Obesity Research
• +۳ مورد دیگر

Carlos Dieguez Gonzalez is a Professor at the University of Santiago de Compostela, affiliated with the Department of Physiology in the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry. He is part of the Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) and leads the GIBIOMED Biomedical Research Group. His research focuses on neuroendocrine regulation of metabolism, obesity, and energy homeostasis, with a particular emphasis on hypothalamic signaling pathways involving AMPK, SIRT1, and thyroid hormones. He earned his Doctorate from the University of Santiago de Compostela in 1983 with a thesis on 'Neuroregulation of TSH secretion,' supervised by Dr. Maurice F. Scanlon. His work spans molecular mechanisms of metabolic diseases, including diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and the role of gut microbiota in systemic glucose metabolism. Key research interests include AMPK signaling in neuroprotection, lipid metabolism regulation by SF1 neurons, and the interplay between central ceramide signaling and obesity-induced puberty. He has explored therapeutic strategies targeting extracellular vesicles for metabolic disorders and investigated the impact of environmental factors like temperature on thermogenesis and appetite. His publications highlight advancements in understanding how hypothalamic pathways modulate reproductive functions, fibrosis mechanisms in NASH, and the role of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) in pituitary tumors. Collaborative studies on the clinical implications of leptin and food addiction in eating disorders further underscore his interdisciplinary approach. Dieguez's research has implications for novel treatments in metabolic syndromes, stroke, and liver diseases, leveraging multi-omics approaches and animal models to bridge basic science and clinical applications.

• Neurodegenerative Diseases
• Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
• Lipid Metabolism
• +۶ مورد دیگر

Daniel Cacabelos Barral is a Researcher at the Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS). He obtained his Doctorate from the University of Lleida in 2014, focusing on 'Polyunsaturated fatty acids in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: role of DHA, peroxidative modifications, and sexual dimorphism.' His research primarily investigates neurodegenerative diseases, particularly ALS, with a focus on lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and dietary interventions. He has collaborated with mentors like Dr. Manuel Portero Otin and Dr. Reinald Pamplona. Key research areas include mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegeneration, the interplay between TDP-43 proteins and lipids in ALS progression, and the role of gender-specific differences in disease outcomes. His work also explores inflammation and oxidative damage in conditions like colitis and adrenoleukodystrophy, often employing mouse models to study biological mechanisms. Major findings include the beneficial effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in ALS models and the impact of lipid unsaturation on disease survival. He has contributed to lipidome analysis in multiple sclerosis, revealing lipoxidative damage as a potential pathogenic mechanism. His studies emphasize translational approaches, linking dietary components to molecular pathways in health and disease. Dr. Cacabelos Barral’s publications span experimental colitis treatments, mitochondrial dysfunction in genetic disorders, and the effects of caloric restriction on protein modifications. Despite no documented awards, his work has advanced understanding of oxidative stress and lipid interactions in chronic and neurodegenerative conditions.

Nicola Wardمشاهده پروفایل

مدرس ارشد

• Clinical Pharmacy
• Pharmacy Practice
• Medication Absorption after Gastrointestinal Surgery
• +۷ مورد دیگر

Nicola Ward is a Senior Lecturer in Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice at De Montfort University, affiliated with the Leicester School of Pharmacy within the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences. She transitioned to academia in 2013 after 18 years as a hospital pharmacist in the East Midlands, maintaining limited clinical practice. She holds a DPharm, MSc, and BPharm (Hons) and is actively engaged in research, teaching, and professional leadership. Education: BPharm (Hons), Cardiff MSc in Clinical Pharmacy (1998) DPharm, University of Derby (2008) PGCertHE (pending 2015) Nicola's research focuses on medication absorption in patients after gastrointestinal surgery, especially those with stomas or post-bariatric surgery, emphasizing patient experience and pharmacist-led improvements. She also investigates emotional resilience in pharmacy students and patient involvement in the MPharm programme. Her teaching spans psychosocial sciences, nutrition support, interprofessional education, and medication adherence across undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Her recent publications reflect a consistent focus on surgical pharmacy, nutrition support, and patient-centered care, with key contributions in journals like British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery , and Hospital Pharmacy Europe . Themes include drug bioavailability post-surgery, stoma management, and perioperative medication challenges. Scientific Awards: Guild of Healthcare Pharmacists/ Antigen Intravenous therapy award (1999) Nicola advises on curriculum development and student wellbeing, serves on the UKCPA Surgery and Theatres’ Pharmacists Group committee, and contributes to peer review for journals and research funding bodies. She has no recorded grants mentioned, but her leadership in patient involvement and emotional resilience programmes indicates active project development. She is also involved in organizing national conferences and masterclasses. Labs and Research Groups: Pharmacy Practice Research Group, Leicester School of Pharmacy

Jianhang Jiaمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Hedgehog Signaling
• Cell Signaling
• Cancer Biology
• +۷ مورد دیگر

Jianhang Jia, PhD, is a Professor in the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry at the University of Kentucky, with a secondary affiliation at the Markey Cancer Center. His research is centered on the molecular mechanisms of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling, a critical pathway in development, cancer, and metabolism. Education: Ph.D., Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2000 Postdoctoral Training, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 2005 Dr. Jia’s research investigates how the Hh signaling pathway is regulated, particularly focusing on the activation of Smoothened (Smo) and the translation of Hh gradients into differential gene expression. His work also explores the role of neurotensin in obesity and intestinal stem cell regulation. His research bridges developmental biology, cancer, and metabolic disorders, making significant contributions to understanding disease mechanisms. The recent publications highlight a strong trend in both Hedgehog signaling and metabolic regulation. His work spans molecular mechanisms of Smo activation, trafficking, and phosphorylation, as well as the physiological impact of neurotensin in obesity and intestinal homeostasis. These studies employ biochemical, genetic, and cell biological approaches across model systems including Drosophila and mammalian cells. Scientific Awards: Publication in Nature (2016) on neurotensin's essential role in diet-induced obesity, a high-impact contribution to metabolic research Dr. Jia has led and collaborated on numerous research projects, particularly in the areas of cancer signaling and metabolism. His lab likely mentors graduate students and postdoctoral researchers, though specific names are not listed. He has been involved in multi-investigator grants, especially those related to cancer and metabolic disease, often in collaboration with researchers like B. Mark Evers and Tianyan Gao. His research is conducted within the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry and leverages resources at the Markey Cancer Center, suggesting an active lab environment with access to shared facilities for molecular, cellular, and imaging studies.

B. Mark Eversمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Gastrointestinal Surgery
• Oncology
• Cancer Biology
• +۳ مورد دیگر

B. Mark Evers is a Professor of Surgery at the University of Kentucky , serving as the Director of the Markey Cancer Center and Mark McDowell Cancer Foundation Chair. He specializes in gastrointestinal surgery and oncology, with a focus on cancer biology and metabolic disorders. Dr. Evers holds the prestigious Fellow of the American College of Surgeons (FACS) distinction. Education: MD from the University of Tennessee, Memphis (summa cum laude). Completed residency at the University of Louisville and a fellowship in surgical research at the University of Texas Medical Branch. Research: Dr. Evers' work spans tumor metabolism, intestinal cell biology, and the role of neurotensin in cancer progression. Key areas include glycogen-driven lung adenocarcinoma initiation, neurotensin's impact on atherosclerosis, and radiosensitization strategies for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. His studies also address geographic disparities in cancer outcomes, particularly in Appalachian Kentucky. Leadership Roles: Physician-In-Chief, Oncology Service Director, Markey Cancer Center Member of the MD/PhD Program Internal Advisory Committee Key Contributions: Over 160 peer-reviewed publications, including high-impact studies on tumor microenvironment modulation and metabolic reprogramming in cancer therapy. Active in translational research to bridge molecular insights with clinical practice.

Aimee Dordevicمشاهده پروفایل

مدرس ارشد

• Nutrition
• Nutrigenomics
• Postprandial metabolism
• +۷ مورد دیگر

Dr Aimee Dordevic is a Senior Lecturer and Researcher in the Department of Nutrition, Dietetics & Food at Monash University, within the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences. She is also affiliated with the Victorian Heart Institute (VHI) and is a Registered Nutritionist with the Nutrition Society of Australia and the Association for Nutrition (UK). Her educational background includes a PhD titled 'Investigation of the acute nutrigenomic response of adipose tissue', which focused on macronutrient effects on inflammatory and metabolic signaling. After completing her PhD, she joined Monash University as a Research Fellow, focusing on adolescent weight management. Aimee’s research centers on the role of diet in inflammation, immunity, and metabolism, particularly through nutrigenomic interactions. She specializes in human clinical trials, acute feeding studies, adipose tissue biology, and molecular analysis of gene and protein expression. Her work contributes to Sustainable Development Goals related to nutrition, health, and well-being. The analysis of her recent publications reveals a strong focus on metabolic inflammation, postprandial responses, dietary advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), endothelial function, and the impact of protein intake on energy regulation. Her research integrates molecular biology with public health applications, including portion size estimation and dietary assessment tools. Dean’s Award for Excellence in Education (Teaching Excellence) - Monash Nutrition Indigenous Curriculum Working Group (2019) School of Clinical Sciences Teaching Excellence Award (2019) Vice-Chancellor's Award for Teaching Excellence: Monash Nutrition Indigenous Curriculum Working Group (2019) Aimee is actively involved in teaching and curriculum development, serving as unit coordinator for NUT1101 Science Foundations and NUT2103 Nutritional Physiology, and contributing to several other courses. She supervises honours students and participates in academic service, including roles in the Indigenous Curriculum Working Group. She is also an alumnus of the Oceanic Nutrition Leadership Platform and serves on the National Committee for Nutrition and the Australian Academy of Science Decadal Plan Implementation Committee. Her leadership in education and research underscores her commitment to advancing nutrition science and training the next generation of professionals. She co-organizes the BASE Seminar Series in the Department of Nutrition, Dietetics & Food and has led multiple research projects, including those on bioinformatics workflows for nutrition studies, metabolic effects of green supplements, and dietary assessment tools.

Amanda Ridleyمشاهده پروفایل

پژوهشگر

• Immunology
• Chemokine Biology
• Respiratory Medicine
• +۳ مورد دیگر

Amanda Ridley is a Researcher at the University of Manchester, affiliated with the Department of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine. Her work focuses on immunological mechanisms involving chemokines, extracellular matrices, and immune cell recruitment, contributing to UN Sustainable Development Goals related to health and well-being. She collaborates across international teams and has published impactful studies on immune cell interactions in inflammatory and infectious contexts. Research Areas: Chemokine biology and immune cell migration Role of extracellular matrix in immune responses Macrophage biology in intestinal homeostasis Publications Highlight: Her 2023 Cell Reports study revealed novel mechanisms of immune cell recruitment via CXCL4-proteoglycan interactions, while 2022 work advanced understanding of extracellular matrix roles in inflammation. The 2018 Journal of Experimental Medicine paper defined key markers of intestinal macrophage subsets. Awards: No specific awards listed, though her research has garnered significant citations (e.g., 274 citations for the 2018 paper). Labs/Teams: Affiliated with the Lydia Becker Institute and collaborates extensively within the Division's research networks.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology
• Celiac Disease
• Metabolic Disorders
• +۳ مورد دیگر

Linnea Aitokari is a researcher at Tampere University, focusing on pediatric liver diseases, celiac disease, and metabolic disorders. Her work contributes to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly in education and academic qualification. Education: Licentiate of Medicine, Tampere University Research interests include: Diagnosis and management of pediatric fatty liver disease (MAFLD) Progression mechanisms of celiac disease in children Standardization of liver enzyme measurements Childhood obesity epidemiology and interventions Gluten-related disorders and comorbidities Metabolic dysfunction in pediatric populations Scientific activity shows recent publications in journals like Digestive and Liver Disease , Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition , and Duodecim , with key collaborations with Kurppa, Kaukinen, and Huhtala. Activities include conference presentations (e.g., 2024 ESPGHAN and ESPR annual meetings), media engagement, and supervisory roles in medical licentiate studies.

Gregor Haslerمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Psychiatry
• Neuroscience
• Psychopharmacology
• +۱۸ مورد دیگر

Gregor Hasler is a Full Professor in the Department of Medicine at the University of Fribourg, within the Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Medicine. He leads a dynamic research group focused on molecular neuroimaging and novel treatments for affective disorders, including depression and bipolar disorder. His work bridges clinical psychiatry, neuroscience, and public health, with a strong emphasis on translational research. His research interests include: Glutamate and GABA neurotransmitter systems in mood disorders Ketamine and psychedelic (e.g., LSD) therapies for depression Neuroplasticity and brain circuitry in psychiatric illness The gut-brain axis and its role in mental health Biomarker development for depression, addiction, and schizophrenia Social behavior and competition avoidance in depression Resilience and psychosocial factors in stress-related disorders The most recent publications from Prof. Hasler’s group reflect a strong trend toward multimodal neuroimaging (MRI, fMRI, PET, MRS) to understand the neurochemical basis of psychiatric disorders. There is a growing focus on rapid-acting antidepressants like ketamine and psychedelics, with an emphasis on neuroplasticity and treatment personalization through biomarkers. Research also explores social and behavioral dimensions of depression, integrating psychology, economics, and neuroscience. The gut-brain axis is increasingly prominent, linking microbiome, immunity, and neural function in mental illness. While no specific scientific awards are mentioned in the provided text, Prof. Hasler has made significant contributions through high-impact research and public engagement. He has authored influential books for the general public and is frequently invited to speak at national and international events. Prof. Hasler actively mentors students and early-career researchers, including doctoral candidates such as Abigail Elizabeth Calder, Adrian Hase, Claudia Kolly, and Yoan Mihov. His research is supported by collaborations with institutions like the University of Zurich and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine. He is involved in clinical trials and public health initiatives, including the evaluation of anti-stigma campaigns and the implementation of novel therapies in outpatient settings. He leads the Hasler Research Group, which investigates: Molecular mechanisms of depression and bipolar disorder Clinical applications of ketamine and psychedelics Neural and behavioral correlates of social dysfunction Epigenetic and metabolic biomarkers Therapeutic modulation of the gut-brain axis

Dominic Barfieldمشاهده پروفایل

مدرس ارشد

• Emergency and Critical Care
• Transfusion Medicine
• Septic Peritonitis
• +۵ مورد دیگر

Dominic Barfield is a Senior Lecturer in Emergency and Critical Care (ECC) at the Royal Veterinary College (RVC), based at the Queen Mother Hospital for Animals (QMHA) on the Hawkshead campus. He is co-head of the ECC service and is affiliated with the Department of Clinical Science and Services. Dom is a Diplomate of both the American and European Colleges of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care and is recognized as an RCVS Specialist in the field. Graduated from the University of Sydney (2002) Masters of Veterinary Medicine (MVetMed), RVC (2011) Residency in Emergency and Critical Care, RVC (2008–2011) His research focuses on transfusion medicine , septic peritonitis , and non-technical skills in veterinary critical care. Dom has published extensively on clinical case studies, feline and canine emergencies, and transfusion protocols. His work bridges clinical practice and academic research, emphasizing practical outcomes in emergency settings. The recent publications reflect a strong trend in small animal emergency medicine , particularly in sepsis management , transfusion protocols , and diagnostic imaging for gastrointestinal and systemic conditions. His research spans both feline and canine populations, with a focus on retrospective clinical studies and case reports that inform evidence-based practice. Dom has received significant professional recognition: Diplomate, American College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care (ACVECC) Diplomate, European College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care (ECVECC) RCVS Recognised Specialist in Emergency and Critical Care He actively supervises and teaches undergraduate (BVetMed) and postgraduate clinical students at RVC, delivers lectures in the BSc Veterinary Nursing program, and participates in national and international continuing education conferences. While no formal students are listed, his role as a senior lecturer and clinical co-head implies mentorship of trainees and residents. He is involved in clinical research grants and collaborative studies, particularly within the Cardiovascular and Renal Biology and CPCS research groups. Dom is embedded in the ECC clinical team at QMHA and contributes to the Cardiovascular and Renal Biology and CPCS (Research Programme) research groups, integrating clinical work with academic inquiry.

Iris E.C. Sommerمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Psychiatry
• Neuroscience
• Schizophrenia Research
• +۵ مورد دیگر

Professor Iris E.C. Sommer is a distinguished psychiatrist and neuroscientist at the University of Groningen's Faculty of Medical Sciences, where she leads research in the Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP) and the Biology-Related, Artificial, and Interventional Neuroscience (BRAIN) group. With over 444 research outputs and significant contributions to psychiatric science, she holds editorial positions at major journals including Schizophrenia Bulletin, Psychological Medicine, and Lancet Psychiatry. Dr. Sommer's research primarily focuses on schizophrenia and psychosis spectrum disorders, with particular expertise in hallucinations, semantic processing abnormalities, and the gut-brain axis. Her work integrates neuroimaging, computational linguistics, and clinical psychiatry to develop novel biomarkers and treatment approaches. She has pioneered research on sex differences in brain structure and mental health, as well as the role of intestinal permeability in psychiatric disorders. Her recent publications demonstrate a strong emphasis on longitudinal studies of psychosis, international collaborative research on mental health during the pandemic (COH-FIT study), pharmacogenetics of schizophrenia treatment, and algorithmic approaches to treatment guidelines. These works span multiple disciplines including neuroscience, psychiatry, linguistics, and gastroenterology, reflecting her interdisciplinary approach to mental health research. Professor Sommer has received notable recognition including the NWO Science Communication Initiative Award 2024, Distinguished Lorentz Fellowship 2022/23, and Huibregtsenprijs 2022. She was also nominated for the Woman in the Media Award in 2024 for her public engagement efforts. As an active supervisor and science communicator, she has examined PhD students and leads initiatives like Marvelous Mind to make neuroscience accessible to the public. She frequently presents at professional conferences and gives public talks on topics ranging from the gut-brain connection to women's mental health. Her laboratory work centers around the Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program, where her team investigates the neural mechanisms underlying psychotic symptoms using multimodal approaches including neuroimaging, linguistic analysis, and clinical assessments. She also collaborates extensively with international researchers through projects like the COH-FIT consortium.

• Equine Medicine
• Wound Healing
• Musculoskeletal Disorders
• +۴ مورد دیگر

Gesiane Ribeiro Leão Ferraz is a Professor at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), actively contributing to research in equine medicine and regenerative therapies. Her work spans wound healing, musculoskeletal disorders, and monocarboxylate transporter dynamics in show jumping horses. Key Research Areas: Equine wound healing, tendon pathology, exercise physiology, and antimicrobial resistance. Recent Projects: WOUNDHEALFAST (2023-2024) focuses on advanced wound treatment protocols. Her publications demonstrate expertise in combining clinical techniques like infrared thermography and pharmacological interventions (e.g., hyaluronic acid, platelet-rich plasma) to address equine musculoskeletal and dermatological conditions. Collaborative efforts with institutions in São Paulo and Lusófona University highlight her international research network.

• Allergy
• Immunology
• Toxicology
• +۶ مورد دیگر

Carine Delayre-Orthez is a French Lecturer-researcher and Associate Professor currently serving as Head of the College of Health Sciences at UniLaSalle . With a doctorate in pharmacology and toxicology from University of Strasbourg , she has led research at the intersection of immunology, toxicology, and nutrition since 2004. Education: Doctorate in pharmacology and toxicology (University of Strasbourg) Current Roles: Head of College of Health Sciences, Associate Professor Prior Affiliation: Assistant Professor at University of Strasbourg (2004-2005) Her research focuses on allergen-induced inflammation , advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) , and nutritional programming of immune responses . She investigates how dietary compounds like polyphenols and iron modify gut microbiota and chronic low-grade inflammation (CLGI). Key publication trends include: Dose-response studies of AGEs and contaminants Therapeutic potential of synbiotics in gluten sensitivity Epigenetic impacts of early-life nutritional interventions PPARα receptor modulation of airway inflammation Development of in vitro intestinal barrier models Translational studies on food allergy treatments Professional networks include academic collaborations with UPJV (Peritox Unit) and INRA (BIA-ALL Unit), plus industrial partnerships with DBV Technologies , Biomerieux , and ABCD Nutrition .

Andrew Gewirtzمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Innate Immunity
• Microbiome
• Intestinal Inflammation
• +۲ مورد دیگر

Andrew Gewirtz is a Regents’ Professor and Distinguished University Professor at Georgia State University's Institute for Biomedical Sciences, where he conducts pioneering research on innate immunity, the gut microbiome, intestinal inflammation, and metabolic disorders including obesity and diabetes. His work centers on understanding how pro-inflammatory pathways protect against microbes and become dysregulated in disease states, with primary focus on the intestinal epithelium as a critical host-microbe interface. Education: Ph.D. in Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, 1996 Dr. Gewirtz's research investigates how the intestinal epithelium maintains homeostasis through antimicrobial production and immune cell recruitment, and how disruptions lead to chronic inflammation. His laboratory has established fundamental connections between Toll-like receptor signaling (particularly TLR5), gut microbiome composition, and metabolic syndrome. Key discoveries include demonstrating that TLR5 deficiency causes dysbiosis leading to obesity and colitis, and identifying flagellin as a critical microbial factor driving inflammatory responses. His publication record (2005-2012) reveals consistent focus on host-microbe interactions, with dominant themes in TLR5 signaling, Proteobacteria-driven inflammation, and the microbiome's role in metabolic disease. The work predominantly employs mouse models to dissect molecular mechanisms linking innate immunity to gut barrier function and systemic inflammation. Scientific Awards: Regents’ Professor Distinguished University Professor Dr. Gewirtz maintains an active research program with extensive collaborations across immunology and microbiome research. His laboratory at Georgia State's Petit Science Center generates foundational insights into inflammatory pathways, with implications for treating inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and diabetes. While specific grant details aren't provided, his high-impact publications indicate substantial research support. His laboratory focuses on experimental models of gut inflammation, microbial community analysis, and molecular dissection of epithelial-immune interactions, directly contributing to translational applications in inflammatory and metabolic disorders.