معرفی
Margaret "Macke" Raymond serves as a Distinguished Research Fellow at the Hoover Institution and founder/director of the Center for Research on Education Outcomes (CREDO) at Stanford University since its inception in 1999. She is a leading expert in education policy with a focus on charter schools, K-12 education reform, and school performance analysis. Her work through CREDO conducts rigorous independent analysis of programs aimed at improving outcomes for students in US K-12 public schools.
Raymond's research interests center on education reform, public policy, charter school effectiveness, and K-12 education outcomes. She has pioneered data-driven approaches to evaluating educational programs, with CREDO's mantra being "We let the data speak." Her work examines how flexibility for accountability creates successful educational models, particularly in urban environments and for traditionally underserved student populations. She has conducted large-scale analyses in collaboration with 30 state education agencies, providing evidence-based insights that inform education policy decisions at all levels of government.
Raymond's publications show a consistent focus on charter school performance, education reform history (particularly examining the 40-year impact of "A Nation at Risk"), teacher performance pay, and pandemic-related learning loss. Her research demonstrates that charter schools, particularly those run by Charter Management Organizations in urban areas, often show strong learning gains compared to traditional public schools. She has also documented how existing charter schools have improved over time rather than newer schools simply replacing underperforming ones.
- Pahara-Aspen Education Fellow (recognition for leadership in US education policy)
Raymond regularly testifies before congressional committees and serves as a resource for policymakers, including the US Department of Education, governors, state chief school officers, and state legislators. She created the visiting "CREDO-ship" program to invite promising policy analysts to collaborate on research projects. Her work is frequently cited by both supporters and opponents of education reform, helping move debates beyond evidence disputes to more substantive arguments about education policy.
Raymond leads the Hoover Education Success Initiative and Hoover-Alabama Innovation Initiative research teams. Through CREDO, she has developed methodologies for comparing student performance across different educational settings, including the "virtual twins" approach that matches charter school students with closely comparable traditional public school students. Her recent work has focused on pandemic learning loss and strategies for educational recovery.
