جستجوی استاد راهنمای دانشگاهی

Max Martin Hansmannمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Synthetic Organic Chemistry
• Main-Group Chemistry
• Electrochemistry
• +۵ مورد دیگر

Max Martin Hansmann is a Full Professor in the Department of Organic Chemistry at the Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University. His research group focuses on the synthesis of redox-active organic molecules and their applications in photo-catalysis and redox-flow batteries. He leads an active research team with multiple PhD students and postdoctoral researchers. Professor Hansmann's research interests span synthetic organic chemistry with significant overlap into main-group chemistry, spectroscopy, electro-chemistry, and computational studies. His group is particularly known for work on strong carbon-based donor ligands (including mesoionic olefins), unusual heterocycles like azaphosphinines, and novel radicals and diradicaloids. Current research directions include developing new reagents for organic synthesis, exploring C-C bond polarization strategies, and investigating photo-physical properties for applications in singlet-fission. Hansmann has secured substantial research funding including an ERC Starting Grant for the CC-CHARGED project, funding from the DFG Emmy-Noether program, and participation in the DFG SPP 2248 program for organic polymer batteries. His group is also a member of the Cluster of Excellence 'RESOLV' focusing on solvation effects in chemistry. Klung-Wilhelmy Science prize ORCHEM award of the Liebig association of the German Chemical Society Dozentenpreis des Fonds der chemischen Industrie ADUC prize of the GDCH Ernst-Haage prize 2021 of the Max-Planck-Institute Member of Science of Synthesis Early Career Advisory Board Member of Organic Chemistry Frontiers Early Career Advisory Board Professor Hansmann actively mentors PhD students including Yijie (from Nanjing University with CSC scholarship), Justus, Patrick Antoni, and others. His group has established international collaborations, including with researchers at Tohoku University in Japan. The Hansmann group regularly participates in major conferences such as ORCHEM and ESOC, with team members frequently receiving presentation awards. The research group operates within the Department of Organic Chemistry at TU Dortmund University, with laboratory facilities on campus. The group maintains active collaborations with other research groups both within Germany and internationally, including joint projects with the Theatό group at KIT and Bresser group at Helmholtz Ulm.

Sebastian Henkeمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Materials Chemistry
• Coordination Networks
• Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)
• +۶ مورد دیگر

Prof. Sebastian Henke leads the Inorganic Chemistry research group at the Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund. His team focuses on materials chemistry at the intersection of solid-state and molecular chemistry, developing functional materials via Werner-type coordination networks. Key research themes include metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), coordination networks, and MOF glasses for applications in gas separation, energy storage, and solid electrolytes. Research Focus: Stimuli-responsive MOFs for industrial separations Mechanochemical synthesis of MOF glasses Design of water-processible porous materials Thermal and mechanical stability of framework systems Exploration of entropy-driven disorder-order transitions Article Trends: Recent publications emphasize MOF glass formation through mechanochemistry, linker exchange strategies to engineer porosity, and the use of thermally sensitive metals like sodium and cadmium for sustainable materials. Collaborations with institutions in Oxford, Kyoto, and Düsseldorf highlight interdisciplinary approaches to redox-active glasses and polyamorphism. Scientific Awards: Teaching Price, TU Dortmund University (2020/21) Max-Buchner-Scholarship from DECHEMA Advising & Grants: Henke mentors PhD students like Tim Krokowski (Best Poster Prize, MOFschool2025) and Jan-Benedikt Weiß (Kekulé Fellowship). His group secures funding from the Volkswagen Foundation, DFG Priority Program COORNETs, and the Heinrich J. Klein Foundation for projects on MOF glasses, porous liquids, and solid-state ionics. Labs & Collaborations: The group utilizes advanced facilities, including the Dortmund synchrotron DELTA and Diamond Light Source (UK), and collaborates internationally with labs in Oxford, Kyoto, and Perth. Their work spans mechanochemical synthesis, high-pressure studies, and the development of MOF-derived glass-ceramics with enhanced mechanical properties.

Carsten Mannمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Environmental Economics
• Forest Governance
• Sustainability Transformations
• +۴ مورد دیگر

Carsten Mann is a Professor at the Department of Sustainable Forest Resources Economics, College of Forest and Environment, Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development. His work focuses on environmental economics, forest governance, and sustainability transformations through innovative policy mechanisms. Key roles include Dean of the College of Forest and Environment Research areas: Ecosystem services, socio-technical systems, and EU forest policy Current research projects: INTERCEDE (2024–2028): EU-funded initiative on market-based incentives for forest ecosystem services LIFE Promoting Forest PES (2023–2026): Developing policy recommendations for Payments for Ecosystem Services in Europe Selected publications (2020–2024) address governance innovations, biosphere reserve frameworks, and socio-ecological-technical systems analysis in European forests. Professional affiliations: Co-founder of the Biosphere Reserves Institute at HNEE Member of Innovationsnetzwerk Ökosystemleistungen Deutschland (ESP-DE)

• Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)
• Cluster Chemistry
• Nanocomposites
• +۱۲ مورد دیگر

Prof. Dr. Roland A. Fischer is a full Professor at the Chair of Inorganic and Metallorganic Chemistry at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) , affiliated with the TUM School of Natural Sciences . He is also the Academic Director of the Central Institute for Catalysis Research since 2018. His research focuses on developing multifunctional molecular materials like Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and atomic-precise clusters for applications in energy conversion, catalysis, gas storage/separation, chemical sensing, photonics, and microelectronics. Educational Background: Dipl.-Chem. (TUM, 1986), PhD (TUM, 1989), Habilitation (TUM, 1995) Academic Leadership: Vice President of DFG (2016-2021), Speaker of Ruhr University Research Schools (2006-2009, 2012-2015), Board member of multiple research programs Research Highlights: Fischer's work emphasizes the design and synthesis of supramolecular materials , particularly MOFs with tunable pores and clusters for catalytic transformations. His team explores surface-mounted MOFs for electrocatalysis, flexible MOFs with stimuli-responsive behavior, and hybrid systems for biomedical applications like drug delivery and biosensing. Scientific Awards & Recognitions: Ehrendoktor der Ruhr-Universität Bochum (2018) Alfried Krupp-Preis für junge Hochschullehrer (1996) Karl-Winnacker Stipendium (1995) Heinz Maier-Leibnitz-Preis (1993) Promotionspreis der TUM (1989) Grants & Collaborations: He coordinates EU programs like HORIZON 2020 ITN DEFNET and STREP SURMOF, and leads DFG Priority Programs. Fischer serves on editorial boards for Angewandte Chemie and Chemical Vapour Deposition , and has >680 publications with an h-index of 101.

Shigeyoshi Inoueمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Main Group Chemistry
• Silicon Chemistry
• Catalysis
• +۳ مورد دیگر

Professor Shigeyoshi Inoue holds the Chair of Silicon Chemistry at the Technical University of Munich (TUM), within the TUM School of Natural Sciences and Department of Chemistry. He leads an internationally recognized research group focused on main group chemistry, particularly low-valent compounds of groups 13-15 elements with applications in catalysis and synthesis. Education: Ph.D. from University of Tsukuba (2008) M.Sc. from University of Tsukuba (2005) B.Sc. from University of Tsukuba (2003) Prof. Inoue's research centers on low-oxidation state main group compounds , particularly silicon and aluminum species with unusual structures and reactivity. His work explores how these earth-abundant elements can mimic transition metals in catalytic processes, offering potentially more sustainable alternatives. His group specializes in synthesizing and characterizing novel silylenes, germylenes, and related compounds stabilized by N-heterocyclic carbenes and other ligands. The research has significant implications for green chemistry and sustainable synthesis methodologies. His recent publications demonstrate a strong focus on CO 2 activation and conversion , small molecule activation , and catalysis using main group elements . The work bridges fundamental chemistry with practical applications, particularly in developing alternatives to precious metal catalysts. His group employs both experimental and theoretical approaches to understand reaction mechanisms and develop new applications. Major Scientific Awards: Christel and Herbert W. Roesky Award (2025) The Inoue Prize for Science (2024) WACKER Silicone Award (2023) ERC Consolidator Grant (2020) Eugen und Ilse Seibold Prize (2020) Carl Duisberg Memorial Prize (2017) ERC Starting Grant (2014) Sofja Kovalevskaja Award (2010) Prof. Inoue has supervised numerous PhD students and postdocs, with current group members including 16 PhD candidates. His research is supported by prestigious grants including ERC Starting and Consolidator Grants. The group maintains strong international collaborations, particularly with Japanese institutions, reflecting Prof. Inoue's background. The research program combines synthetic chemistry, structural characterization, and theoretical studies to advance understanding of main group element chemistry. The Inoue Research Group operates state-of-the-art facilities for air-sensitive chemistry, specializing in the synthesis and characterization of highly reactive main group compounds. They collaborate with theoretical chemists to understand reaction mechanisms and develop new applications for their compounds. The group's work has potential applications in sustainable catalysis, materials science, and pharmaceutical chemistry.

Klaus Köhlerمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Molecular Heterogeneous Catalysis
• Surface Organometallic Chemistry
• Interfacial Coordination Chemistry
• +۵ مورد دیگر

Prof. Klaus Köhler holds the Chair of Inorganic Chemistry within the Department of Chemistry at the Technical University of Munich (TUM), part of the TUM School of Natural Sciences. Appointed in 1996, he has maintained an active research program focused on molecular heterogeneous catalysis, surface organometallic chemistry, and the development of tailored catalysts. His work bridges fundamental surface science with practical applications in environmental catalysis and energy conversion. Dr. Köhler's research interests center on the preparation, structural characterization, and catalytic properties of transition metal compounds on inorganic solid surfaces. His group employs Interfacial Coordination Chemistry (ICC) and Surface Organometallic Chemistry (SOMC) to develop high-surface area materials with precisely controlled surface properties. Key research areas include nitrogen oxide decomposition, selective hydrocarbon oxidation, hydrogenation reactions, fine chemical synthesis, and C-C coupling reactions. Analysis of his recent publications reveals a strong focus on palladium chemistry (100% fingerprint match), EPR spectroscopy (60%), Heck reactions (60%), and aryl halide chemistry. His work increasingly addresses sustainable chemistry challenges, with research contributing to UN Sustainable Development Goals related to clean energy and responsible consumption. Prof. Köhler teaches several courses including General and Inorganic Chemistry for Chemical and Industrial Engineering, Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, and Advanced Topics in Inorganic Chemistry. His teaching spans both winter and summer semesters, demonstrating his ongoing commitment to academic instruction alongside research.

Tom Nilgesمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Solid-state chemistry
• Materials science
• Energy materials
• +۷ مورد دیگر

Prof. Tom Nilges is a Professor of Synthesis and Characterization of Innovative Materials at the Technical University of Munich (TUM), within the Department of Chemistry at the TUM School of Natural Sciences. His research group focuses on developing sustainable materials for energy conversion, storage, and efficiency applications. He teaches multiple courses including General and Inorganic Chemistry for Chemical and Industrial Engineering students. Prof. Nilges studied chemistry at the Universities of Siegen and Aberdeen, Scotland, and received his doctorate from the University of Siegen in 2001. He worked as a research associate at the Universities of Regensburg and Münster, including as subproject leader of the Collaborative Research Center 458. He completed his habilitation at the University of Münster in 2007 and has been a professor at TUM since July 2010. Prof. Nilges' research focuses on solid-state chemistry and materials science, with particular expertise in solid ion conductors, thermoelectric materials, and hybrid materials that combine high charge carrier dynamics with stability. His group works extensively on group 15 and late transition metal ion containing chalcogenides and halides, exploring one and two-dimensional semiconductors for applications in batteries, sensors, and electronic devices. His work leverages techniques including X-ray diffraction, conductivity determination, and phase transition studies. His recent publications demonstrate a strong focus on energy materials, particularly for battery applications, with significant work on solid-state electrolytes, ion conductors, and semiconductor materials. His group has made notable contributions to the study of SnIP (tin iodide phosphide) materials, phosphorene-based systems, and novel approaches to rare earth element extraction. The research shows increasing interdisciplinary collaboration across chemistry, materials science, and engineering disciplines. Prof. Nilges has received several prestigious awards for his work: Rudolf Hoppe Lecture of the GdCH Division of Solid State Chemistry and Materials Research (2016) International Thermoelectric Society (ITS) Scientific and Applied Award for an outstanding scientific paper (2009) Research funding from the Dr. Otto Röhm Memorial Foundation (2008) Prof. Nilges leads an active research group with significant grant funding, including the recently completed "LernChem" project (2022-2023) which developed individualized, feedback-supported learning programs for chemistry students. His research group has produced over 70 publications with a strong emphasis on practical applications of novel materials. He serves as a co-principal investigator on multiple research projects focused on materials development and educational innovation in chemistry. His laboratory focuses on the synthesis and characterization of innovative materials, particularly utilizing advanced techniques for crystal growth, structural analysis, and property measurement. The research group maintains strong collaborations with other institutions and industry partners to translate fundamental discoveries into practical applications for energy storage and conversion technologies.

Sylke Haarmannمشاهده پروفایل

مدرس

• Computer Science
• Life Science Engineering
• Natural Sciences

Sylke Haarmann serves as a Lecturer in the Department of Computer Science and Natural Sciences at South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences, Iserlohn campus, where she provides academic support and information services for the Master of Science program in Life Science Engineering. Her research profile centers on interdisciplinary applications at the intersection of Computer Science and Life Science Engineering, with significant contributions to Natural Sciences through computational methodologies. This synthesis enables innovative approaches to engineering challenges in biological and chemical contexts, particularly within the university's specialized M.Sc. program. Contact details are maintained through institutional channels: Email: haarmann.sylke@fh-swf.de Phone: +49 2371 566-1330 Office: Room H.610, Frauenstuhlweg 31, 58644 Iserlohn Availability: Wednesday to Saturday mornings

• Rendezvous and Proximity Operations
• Space Robotics
• Small Satellite Systems
• +۶ مورد دیگر

David Barnhart is a Professor in the Department of Astronautical Engineering at the University of Southern California (USC) and serves as Director of the Space Engineering Research Center (SERC) within the Information Sciences Institute (ISI). He has pioneered advancements in aerospace systems, small satellite technologies, and robotic systems for space applications. Education: M.E. in Aerospace & Ocean Engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (Blacksburg, VA), B.S. in Aerospace Engineering from Boston University (Boston, MA). Research Interests: His work focuses on rendezvous and proximity operations (RPO), including sensor fusion, orbital object signature development, and genetic algorithms for swarm robotics. He also explores space robotics through conformable end-effectors and gecko/electro-adhesion grasping systems, alongside spacecraft technology innovations like cellularized satellite systems and design-to-code integration. Scientific Awards: He has received prestigious accolades such as the Office of Secretary of Defense Exceptional Public Service Medal, USC Mentoring Award, and AIAA Space Systems Award. He is an Associate Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and earned the Program Manager of the Quarter Award from the Air Force Research Laboratory. Labs & Teams: At SERC, he leads clean room and electrical/mechanical labs supporting satellites up to 100kg. He co-founded multiple space-sector companies, including a Space Infrastructure-as-a-Service firm advancing commercial satellite servicing.

Martina Maggioمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Control Theory
• Cyber-Physical Systems
• Real-Time Systems
• +۴ مورد دیگر

Martina Maggio is a Professor at the Department of Computer Science , Saarland University (since March 2020) and holds a 20% position at the Department of Automatic Control , Lund University (since 2023). Her research bridges control theory with software engineering to address predictability in computing systems. PhD : Politecnico di Milano (completed with work on control-theoretical tools for computing systems) Visiting Graduate Student : MIT CSAIL (collaborated on Self-Aware Computing project) Her research focuses on: Control theory for resource allocation in cloud infrastructures and embedded systems Formal verification of event-triggered systems and deadline misses Robustness of cyber-physical systems under computational faults Automated methodologies for runtime adaptation in software Timing requirements in big data applications Security vulnerabilities in control systems Key article trends include: control-theoretic approaches to computing systems, stochastic modeling of deadline misses, formal verification of timing constraints, and security-aware control algorithms . Scientific recognition: Co-authored paper selected as Most Influential Paper at SEAMS 2025 Best Paper Award at ECRTS 2021 ACM SIGSOFT Distinguished Paper Award (FSE 2020) Outstanding Reviewer (ICPE 2020) Mentorship includes supervising PhD candidates (e.g., Clara Rubeck, Robert Pietsch) and serving as an academic advisor for industry collaborations (e.g., with Bosch Corporate Research). She also contributes to open-source tool development (WeaklyHard.jl) and has held leadership roles like Program Co-Chair for ICCPS 2020.

Romy Lena Ettlingerمشاهده پروفایل

پژوهشگر ارشد

• Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)
• Resource Recovery
• Water Treatment
• +۳ مورد دیگر

Dr. Romy Lena Ettlinger is a TUM Junior Fellow and junior research group leader at the Technical University of Munich, affiliated with the TUM School of Natural Sciences and Department of Chemistry. Her work focuses on the development of porous composite materials for resource recovery and water treatment, particularly metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Education: Ph.D. from University of Augsburg (research on MOF nanoparticles and iron oxide MOF core-shell systems for drug delivery) Postdoctoral: University of St. Andrews (functionalized MOF composites for medical/environmental uses) Research emphasizes MOF-based filter systems using modular inorganic-organic building blocks, enabling customizable environmental and medical applications. Recent work explores MOFs for nitric oxide delivery, green synthesis methods, and toxicity assessments. Scientific Recognition: Invited to Nobel Symposium NS193 (2023) Presentation Award at Gordon Research Seminar (2023) Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting invitations (2022, 2021) Professor Erich Krautz Prize (2021) She teaches in the TUM chemistry program and contributes to doctoral reviews.

Viktoria Däschlein-Gessnerمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Catalysis
• Main group chemistry
• Organometallic chemistry
• +۴ مورد دیگر

Prof. Viktoria Däschlein-Gessner is a full Professor and Chairholder of Inorganic Chemistry II at the Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum. Her research group, known as the Gessner Lab, is located in room NC 2/70 and maintains an active research program focused on developing novel molecules, reagents, and catalysts with specifically designed properties. The group is part of the university's broader research initiatives including RESOLV (Ruhr Explores Solvation) and the Graduate School of Chemistry and Biochemistry. Her research interests center on carbanionic compounds and their applications in main group element and transition metal chemistry. The group specializes in creating systems with versatile functionalities and unusual chemical and electronic properties to enable new transformations. Their work spans four main directions: Carbanionic and ylidic reagents - developing unique carbanionic compounds for novel reactivity Main group chemistry - exploring unusual bonding situations in main group elements Phosphine ligands and catalysis - designing innovative ligand systems for catalytic applications Computations and Machine Learning - supporting experimental work with theoretical analysis The group's recent publications reveal a strong focus on ligand design, particularly ylide-functionalized phosphines (YPhos), and their applications in palladium and gold catalysis. They've made significant contributions to ketenyl anion chemistry, stannylene synthesis, and the development of weakly coordinating anions. Their work bridges fundamental curiosity-driven research with practical applications in sustainable catalysis. Scientific recognition includes: Arpan Das receiving an Alexander von Humboldt Postdoctoral Fellowship Multiple best poster awards at international conferences including ICOMC Agra Group members winning prizes at GECOM-CONCOORD 2024 Prof. Däschlein-Gessner actively mentors a large research team including 12 current PhD students and 9 postdoctoral researchers. The group has published over 120 papers, patents, and book chapters. They maintain strong collaborations across the Ruhr University Alliance and participate in the Graduate School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, which provides structured doctoral training with international opportunities and interdisciplinary skill development. The Gessner Lab operates as part of the Molecular Designers team at Ruhr University, with laboratory space in the NC building. They benefit from university resources including ZEMOS (Centre for Molecular Spectroscopy and Simulation) and ICAMS (Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulations), enabling advanced characterization and computational studies of their novel compounds.

Lukas J. Gooßenمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Organic Chemistry
• Catalysis
• Synthetic Chemistry
• +۲ مورد دیگر

Lukas J. Gooßen is a Professor at the Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, where he holds the chair for Organic Chemistry I. His research group operates from room NC 2/170 with contact details including phone +49 234 3223218 and email lukas.goossen@rub.de. Prof. Gooßen's research focuses on developing straightforward transition-metal-catalyzed reactions as alternatives to laborious multi-step transformations in organic synthesis. His group addresses the major challenge of selectively derivatizing complex molecules at specific functional groups while preserving other sensitive functionalities. This work falls under core research areas including organic chemistry, catalysis, synthetic chemistry, and transition metal chemistry. His research contributes to the faculty's broader profile in catalysis and functional materials, intersecting with interdisciplinary initiatives like RESOLV (Ruhr Explores Solvation) and ICAMS (Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulations). The faculty maintains strong ties with graduate programs including the Graduate School of Chemistry and Biochemistry (GSCB), which supports approximately 200 international doctoral candidates through structured programs and English-language instruction. As part of Ruhr University's research ecosystem, Prof. Gooßen's work aligns with strategic priorities in solvation science and sustainable chemistry development within North Rhine-Westphalia's leading chemistry faculty.

Martin Muhlerمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Heterogeneous Catalysis
• Industrial Redox Chemistry
• Electrocatalysis
• +۳ مورد دیگر

Prof. Dr. Martin Muhler is a Professor at Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, where he leads the Chair of Technical Chemistry. His research group specializes in fundamental studies of heterogeneous catalysis, focusing on atomic-level reaction mechanisms in industrial redox chemistry. Key affiliations include collaborations with the Collaborative Research Center 247, SFB/TRR 129 Oxyflame, and the Research Departments Solvation Science and Materials. Research interests center on catalytic processes including methanol synthesis, Fischer-Tropsch reactions, selective oxidation of alcohols, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and plasma catalysis. The group employs advanced techniques like temperature-programmed reactions, isotopic labeling, FTIR/Raman spectroscopy, and high-pressure reactor systems to probe surface chemistry and reaction kinetics. Recent publications (2023–2025) demonstrate a strong focus on sustainable chemistry, with themes spanning CO 2 electroreduction, biomass conversion, hydrogen production from ammonia, and plasma-assisted hydrocarbon processing. Article keywords frequently include nanomaterials, reaction engineering, and renewable energy applications. No scientific awards are mentioned in available sources. Research infrastructure includes specialized labs for catalyst synthesis (precipitation, CVD), characterization (sorption, calorimetry), and kinetic studies with online GC/FTIR/MS analysis. The group participates in interdisciplinary centers like the Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES).

• Cancer Biology
• Tumor Microenvironment
• Therapeutic Resistance
• +۳ مورد دیگر

Dr. Keith Syson Chan is a translational cancer researcher at Houston Methodist Research Institute. He serves as Director of Translational Research in the Department of Urology and Program Lead of Innovative Therapeutics at the Dr. Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center. His work bridges tumor microenvironment biology with immunotherapeutic strategies. Director of Translational Research, Department of Urology Program Lead of Innovative Therapeutics, Neal Cancer Center Research Focus : Dr. Chan investigates non-classical mechanisms of therapeutic resistance, particularly how extracellular matrix dynamics, stromal-tumor interactions, and PGE2 signaling drive metastatic colonization and immune evasion. His work explores converting immune-excluded tumors into inflamed phenotypes through iDAMP blockade. Key Research Themes : Tumor microenvironment modulation Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as a mitogenic and immunosuppressive signal Quiescent cancer stem cell activation Immune checkpoint sensitization in chemoimmunotherapy Recognition & Funding : Established Investigator Recruitment Grant from CPRIT Current Initiatives : Dr. Chan's lab is translating preclinical findings into early-phase clinical trials targeting immunosuppressive pathways in bladder cancer and other solid tumors.