Graeme William Walter is the Disney Professor of Archaeology at the University of Cambridge and Director of the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research. He also serves as a Professorial Fellow at St John's College, Cambridge. Previously, he held roles such as Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Resources) at the University of Leicester and Head of the School of Archaeological Studies there. His academic journey began with a BA in Classics and Archaeology from the University of Cambridge (1965-1969), followed by PhD research at St John's College, Cambridge (1969-1972). Research Interests: European and North African prehistory Origins and spread of agriculture Landscape archaeology Pastoralism and desertification processes Human dispersals and behavioral evolution Awards and Honors: 2005 Dan David Prize (Past Dimension) 2000 James R. Wiseman Book Award 1999 Fellow of the British Academy 1979 Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London Grants and Projects: Recipient of major grants including a €2.5M European Research Council Advanced Grant (2009-2014) for North African prehistory studies and a Leverhulme Trust grant (2014-2016) investigating resilience of Neanderthals and modern humans to climate change in SW Asia. Leadership and Affiliations: Directed the British School at Rome (1984–1988) Key figure in archaeological institutions like the McDonald Institute
Dr. Enrica Dall'Ara serves as the Associate Dean of Planning and Landscape Architecture and an Associate Professor at the University of Calgary's School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape. Her work bridges academic research and professional practice, exemplified through her firm PARC, which specializes in public space design, urban renewal, and the rehabilitation of industrial sites. She emphasizes interdisciplinary collaboration, integrating fields like environmental engineering and biology into landscape architecture. Education: Laurea in Architettura (Master Degree equivalent in Architecture), University of Ferrara, Italy Master in Landscape Architecture, ETSAB, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Spain PhD in Landscape Design, University of Florence, Italy Research Interests: Dr. Dall'Ara focuses on practice-based research, public space design, service landscapes, and the integration of cultural advocacy into landscape architecture. Her work explores site-specific design solutions, the role of agriculture in urban-rural dynamics, and the preservation of traditional rural landscapes. She advocates for designs that serve life through poetic, functional, and culturally sensitive approaches. Contributions: Through her teaching, Dall'Ara encourages students to view design as research, fostering critical thinking and interdisciplinary dialogue. Her firm’s projects, such as the roundabout gardens in Imola, Italy, demonstrate her commitment to merging ecological, functional, and aesthetic considerations in landscape interventions. Professional Affiliations: Canadian Society of Landscape Architects (CSLA) Alberta Association of Landscape Architects (AALA) Associazione Italiana di Architettura del Paesaggio (AIAPP) Ordine degli Architetti, Pianificatori, Paesaggisti e Conservatori (Province of Forlì-Cesena, Italy)
Lisbeth Aggestam is an associate professor at the Department of Political Science and an associate researcher at the Center for European Research (CERGU) at the University of Gothenburg. She serves as the editor-in-chief of the international journal Foreign Policy Analysis , published by the International Studies Association (ISA) and Oxford University Press. Aggestam's research focuses on several interconnected areas: Political leadership and foreign policy Diaspora and foreign policy Foreign policy role theory The European Union as a global actor Her scholarly work demonstrates a consistent focus on leadership dynamics within European foreign policy, particularly examining how the EU navigates its role as a global actor amid shifting geopolitical landscapes. She has developed significant theoretical contributions to role theory in foreign policy analysis, creating frameworks for understanding how states and international organizations perform specific roles on the global stage. Aggestam's publication record reveals several important trends in contemporary foreign policy studies. Her work increasingly examines the intersection of domestic politics and international relations, particularly how diaspora communities influence state foreign policies. Her recent research addresses European strategic autonomy in the context of US foreign policy shifts and the implications of Sweden's NATO membership decision, reflecting her ability to connect theoretical frameworks with pressing real-world issues. As an educator, Aggestam serves as course manager and instructor for several key programs: EU2215: Europe in the World (MA, 15 hec) SK1136: Foreign Policy Analysis (BA, 7.5 hec) EU1145: The European Union in International Affairs (BA, 7.5 hec) Through her leadership of the Swedish Research Council project 'Transnational civil society and foreign policy' (2022-2025) and her editorial role at Foreign Policy Analysis , Aggestam plays a significant role in shaping contemporary discourse on international relations and European foreign policy.
Christopher Turbill is an Associate Professor in Animal Science at Western Sydney University's School of Science, where he maintains an active research program focused on animal physiological ecology. He is affiliated with the Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment and serves as a Principal Investigator on multiple research projects while accepting HDR candidates for supervision. PhD from University of New England (2006) Thesis: Thermoregulatory Ecology of Tree-roosting Bats Supervised by Prof. Fritz Geiser Postdoctoral fellowships from Austrian Science Fund and Australian Research Council (DECRA) Former ecologist with NSW Government Professor Turbill's research integrates thermal and metabolic physiology with behavioral ecology to understand animal-environment interactions. His work has revealed significant ecological consequences of controlled body temperature variation in mammals and birds, linking these processes with metabolic energy expenditure, activity patterns, and life-history strategies. He specializes in bat biology and investigates conflicts between human environmental change and animal conservation requirements. His research keywords include ecophysiology, thermoregulation, energy expenditure, life-history ecology, body temperature, torpor, hibernation, and wildlife conservation. Analysis of Turbill's recent publications reveals a strong focus on thermal biology and conservation physiology, particularly regarding bats and birds. His work examines how animals manage energy through torpor, respond to climate change through thermal regulation, and adapt to anthropogenic disturbances. The research spans field studies of flying-foxes, microbats, and passerine birds across Australian ecosystems, with increasing emphasis on conservation applications related to white-nose syndrome, fire impacts, and wind energy development. Turbill leads significant research projects including the Ecology of the eastern horseshoe bat and its sensitivity to fire impacts (2024-2027), Vulnerability of Australian bats to white-nose syndrome (2021-2026), and Torpor use and burrowing behaviour in an arid zone passerine (2024). His work attracts funding from diverse sources including the Australian Research Council, Department of Planning and Environment, and various conservation organizations. Professor Turbill directs the BatsLab research group, which maintains a virtual hub for bat research at Western Sydney University. His team employs advanced methodologies including thermal imaging, GPS tracking, and physiological monitoring to study animal responses to environmental challenges. Current work focuses on developing conservation interventions for heat-stressed flying-foxes and assessing vulnerabilities of Australian bat species to emerging diseases.
Nancy M. Wells is a Professor in the Department of Human Centered Design and serves as the Senior Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Education in the College of Human Ecology at Cornell University. Her work bridges environmental psychology and public health, examining how built and natural environments impact human health and behavior across the lifespan. Dr. Wells received a joint PhD in Psychology and Architecture from the University of Michigan and completed National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) post-doctoral training at the University of California, Irvine. Her educational background uniquely positions her to investigate the intersection of physical environments and human wellbeing through both psychological and architectural lenses. Her research focuses on how environmental contexts—from homes to neighborhoods to schools—affect health outcomes, cognitive functioning, and resilience. A central theme examines nature's role in human resilience, particularly how natural environments buffer against adversity and challenge. She has conducted influential work on school gardens and their effects on children's physical activity, dietary habits, and learning. More recently, she has pioneered research on nature and autism, conducting a randomized controlled trial examining natural environments' effects on autistic youth wellbeing. Analysis of Dr. Wells' recent publications reveals consistent focus on nature's health benefits, with strong emphasis on experimental methodologies including randomized controlled trials and natural experiments. Her work spans environmental psychology, public health, and education, with particular attention to vulnerable populations including low-income communities and children of color. NSF Funding for environmental health research USDA Funding for school garden studies Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Funding MacArthur Foundation Funding Senior Associate Editor of Environment and Behavior (4 years) Research Advisory Board of Children and Nature Network Board of Directors for reDirect Dr. Wells actively mentors undergraduate and graduate students through the Wells Lab, involving them in all research stages from data collection to publication. Her research has been supported by multiple significant grants examining housing quality effects on mental health, neighborhood design impacts on physical activity, and school garden interventions. She leads interdisciplinary research teams that integrate perspectives from environmental psychology, public health, landscape architecture, and education. The Wells Lab operates as an integrated research-teaching-outreach unit that develops practical yet rigorous studies to assess causal relations between environment and health, creates valid measurement tools, and identifies causal pathways. Current projects include examining nature's effects on autistic youth wellbeing in partnership with The Center for Discovery in New York, and investigating multi-sensory design in urban public spaces.
Dr. Athos Agapiou serves as an Assistant Professor at the Department of Civil Engineering and Geoinformatics, Cyprus University of Technology, where he holds the 'Geoinformatics and Earth Observation' chair. He also serves as Deputy Director of the UNESCO Chair on Digital Cultural Heritage and coordinates the EOCult Laboratory, a specialized research group focused on applying Earth Observation and Geoinformatics for archaeological research and cultural heritage landscapes. His research interests center on developing and applying innovative remote sensing technologies for cultural heritage preservation, addressing challenges posed by environmental and anthropogenic factors. Dr. Agapiou has led numerous high-profile research initiatives at European and national levels, including Horizon Europe and Horizon 2020 projects, as well as programs funded by the Cyprus Research and Innovation Foundation. His publication record demonstrates consistent output in remote sensing applications for archaeology, with particular focus on satellite image fusion, UAV technologies, spatial resolution optimization, and advanced data analysis techniques for archaeological prospection. His work bridges technical remote sensing methodologies with practical archaeological applications. Young Scientist Award from International Society for Digital Earth (2023) Young Researcher Award by Cyprus Research Awards (2018) Top 2% researcher worldwide in field (Stanford studies 2020-2024) Top three global researchers in Geoinformatics for cultural heritage (2024) Dr. Agapiou actively contributes to major research projects and collaborations, with his work influencing both academic research and practical applications in cultural heritage management. His laboratory (EOCult) serves as a hub for interdisciplinary research connecting geospatial technologies with archaeological practice.
Zhi Da is the Howard J. and Geraldine F. Korth Chair in Finance and Professor of Finance at the University of Notre Dame , Mendoza College of Business, Department of Finance. He completed his Ph.D. in Finance at Northwestern University’s Kellogg School of Management (2006), preceded by an M.Sc. in Financial Engineering from the National University of Singapore (2001) and a B.B.A. with First-Class Honors (1999) from the same institution. Holding editorial roles at Journal of Finance , Management Science , Review of Financial Studies and several other top journals, he is a leading voice in empirical finance research. Education Ph.D. in Finance, 2006 – Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University M.Sc. in Financial Engineering, 2001 – National University of Singapore B.B.A. (1st Class Honors), 1999 – National University of Singapore Research Interests Zhi Da’s scholarship sits at the intersection of asset pricing , behavioral finance , and market microstructure . He investigates how investor attention, institutional trading, liquidity frictions, and information flows jointly determine the cross-section of expected returns. His work delves into retail margin trading, the role of pension-fund flows in exchange-rate dynamics, the informational content of SEC filings, and the efficiency of short-selling mechanisms. By combining large-scale data analytics, textual analysis, and structural modeling, he uncovers novel predictors of returns ranging from presidential approval ratings to real-time attention measures. Recent projects explore fractional trading ’s impact on price efficiency, hedging demand as a driver of intraday momentum, and the hidden effort problem in delegated portfolio management. These themes collectively advance our understanding of limits to arbitrage and the formation of extrapolative beliefs. Publication Landscape Spanning 2025 back to 2009, his 15 most recent articles in Journal of Finance , Review of Financial Studies , Management Science , Journal of Financial Economics , and Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis converge on three broad motifs: (1) micro-level trading frictions—liquidity costs, margin requirements, and short-selling constraints; (2) macro-finance linkages—exchange rates, fiscal policy, and global capital flows; and (3) information economics—attention allocation, media analytics, and regulatory disclosures. The collective evidence demonstrates that seemingly small trading or informational frictions aggregate into large, persistent cross-sectional return predictability. Honors and Awards 2017 William F. Sharpe Award for Best Paper, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis Lead-article distinctions in Journal of Finance , Review of Financial Studies , and Management Science Featured coverage in SmartMoney and CNBC Teaching & Mentorship At Notre Dame’s Mendoza College, Professor Da teaches Investments (undergraduate and MBA) and Fixed Income Securities , integrating cutting-edge research insights into the curriculum. While specific advisees are not listed, his extensive co-author network (22+ recurring collaborators) attests to a vibrant mentoring environment. Laboratory & Data Resources He publicly distributes the NAT (Net Arbitrage Trading) dataset, a stock-quarter panel of arbitrage positions used in Chen, Da & Huang (2019). This resource has become a standard tool for researchers studying arbitrage capital movements.
Dr. Arno Solin is a tenured Associate Professor in Machine Learning at Aalto University's Department of Computer Science and an Academy of Finland Research Fellow . He leads the Aalto machine learning research group and serves as Director of the Finnish Doctoral Program Network in AI (AI-DOC) . His work bridges probabilistic modeling with practical applications in sensor fusion and real-time inference. ELLIS Scholar (European Laboratory for Learning and Intelligent Systems) Adjunct Professor at Tampere University Member of Young Academy Finland (2021–2025) Research Interests focus on data-efficient machine learning with probabilistic methods for real-time inference and sensor fusion. Key areas include Gaussian processes, diffusion models, stochastic differential equations, and uncertainty quantification in deep learning. His group develops methods that combine structural constraints with adaptive learning for deployment on resource-limited hardware. Publication Trends show consistent output in top venues (NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, AISTATS) with emphasis on diffusion models , 3D scene reconstruction , and real-time probabilistic modeling . Recent works explore physics-informed learning, heterophily-aware graph models, and compressed representations for world models in reinforcement learning. Scientific Recognition : Awarded AI Researcher of the Year 2024 by AI Finland Teacher of the Year 2023 at Aalto CS ISIF Jean-Pierre Le Cadre Best Paper Award (2018) MLSP Schizophrenia Classification Challenge Winner (2014) NeurIPS/ICML Reviewer Awards Research Leadership includes coordinating Finland's AI Center of Excellence program and directing the Finnish Doctoral Program Network in AI (AI-DOC). He supervises 15+ doctoral/postdoctoral researchers and has spun off Spectacular AI , a company commercializing sensor fusion technology.
Emilia Oddo is an Associate Professor of Greek Archaeology in the Department of Classical Studies at Tulane University. She holds a Ph.D. in Classics from the University of Cincinnati (2016), an M.A. in Classics from the University of Cincinnati (2010), and an M.A. from Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium (2007). Her research focuses on the archaeology of Bronze Age Crete, particularly the Late Bronze Age (Neopalatial period), with a specialization in pottery styles and their social implications. She leads excavations at Knossos, analyzing pottery from Sir Arthur Evans’ early 20th-century excavations to understand ritual practices and architectural functions. In 2024, she will lead a student field trip through the Greek Islands organized by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. Her publications include Knossos: The House of the Frescoes (2022) and South by Southeast: The History and Archaeology of Southeast Crete (2022), which explore Minoan social dynamics and regional identity. Her work highlights how pottery styles reflect communal identity and ritual behaviors. Recent research reinterprets Evans’ archival materials to reveal new insights into Knossos’ urban context and ritual spaces. Teaching courses like CLAS-2320 (Greek Religion) and CLAS-3170 (Greek Art and Archaeology), Oddo bridges academic scholarship and pedagogy. Her field projects emphasize interdisciplinary methods, such as ceramic regionalism and contextual analysis, to reconstruct Bronze Age Cretan society. She actively contributes to archaeological discourse through edited volumes and peer-reviewed articles.
Mikhail (Misha) Belkin is a Professor at the Halicioglu Data Science Institute (HDSI) at the University of California San Diego , with an affiliated appointment in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering . He is also an Amazon Scholar , reflecting his impactful industry collaboration. Since January 2024, he has served as the Editor-in-Chief of the SIAM Journal on Mathematics of Data Science (SIMODS) . Research Interests: Belkin's research centers on the theoretical foundations of machine learning, particularly the mathematical understanding of modern deep learning. His work investigates interpolation , over-parameterization , and feature learning in neural networks. He is renowned for introducing the double descent risk curve, which reconciles classical bias-variance trade-offs with the success of overfitted models. His recent work identifies the Average Gradient Outer Product (AGOP) as a fundamental mechanism of feature learning, applicable across architectures like CNNs and transformers. Scientific Contributions and Trends: His recent publications, appearing in Science , PNAS , and NeurIPS , demonstrate a strong trend toward unifying theories of generalization and optimization in over-parameterized systems. He explores how interpolating models can be statistically optimal, how gradient descent converges in non-convex landscapes via the PL* condition, and how kernel methods can be enhanced to perform feature learning. ACM Fellow (2023) Editor-in-Chief, SIAM Journal on Mathematics of Data Science (2024–present) Advising and Grants: Belkin actively mentors students and collaborators such as Adityanarayanan Radhakrishnan , Daniel Beaglehole , and Chaoyue Liu , who are frequent co-authors. He is a Principal Investigator (PI) in the Collaboration on the Theoretical Foundations of Deep Learning , funded by the NSF and Simons Foundation. He is also an external collaborator with the Eric and Wendy Schmidt Center at the Broad Institute and part of the NSF-funded TILOS AI Institute . Laboratories and Teams: While not explicitly named, his research group at UCSD is deeply involved in theoretical machine learning, focusing on the intersection of statistics, optimization, and deep learning. His work often involves large-scale collaborations and is closely tied to initiatives like SIMODS and TILOS.
Karsten Lambers is Professor of Digital and Computational Archaeology at the Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, where he leads research and teaching in the application of computational methods to archaeological data. His work integrates machine learning, remote sensing, text mining, and citizen science to advance archaeological prospection and heritage management. He is affiliated with the Department of Archaeological Sciences and plays key roles in research groups and university-wide initiatives such as SAILS and ARCHON. His research interests span Digital Archaeology , Machine Learning in Archaeology , Remote Sensing , Geoarchaeology , and Human-Environment Interaction . He investigates how computational tools can extract meaningful archaeological information from large datasets, including LiDAR imagery and excavation reports. His fieldwork spans Central Europe and Latin America, with a focus on prehistoric landscapes and cultural heritage. The analysis of his recent publications reveals a strong trend toward automated detection using deep learning (e.g., R-CNN, WODAN), named entity recognition in archaeological texts (e.g., ArcheoBERTje), and citizen science integration for data validation. His work bridges archaeology with computer science, geomatics, and environmental science, emphasizing interdisciplinary collaboration and methodological rigor. His scientific awards include: Best Thesis Award (University of Zurich, 2005) EUROPA NOSTRA Award (2020, 2022) Membership in the German Archaeological Institute (since 2022) Lambers actively supervises students and leads major research projects such as ABMA, EXALT, and Heritage Quest. He has secured substantial research funding and collaborates widely with computer scientists, geophysicists, and palaeoecologists. His teaching includes digital methods, modeling, and simulation, often linked to ongoing research. He has also contributed to open educational resources and digital textbooks in archaeology. He leads or participates in several research labs and teams, including the Digital Archaeology Research Group (which he chairs), the Heritage Quest citizen science project, and interdisciplinary teams focusing on alpine terraces and Iraqi prospection. His work emphasizes the integration of digital tools into practical archaeological workflows, advocating for complementary human-computer strategies.
James Briscoe is a Senior Group Leader at The Francis Crick Institute in London, where he leads a research group focused on developmental biology and morphogen signaling. He previously held positions at the Medical Research Council's National Institute for Medical Research, which later became part of the Francis Crick Institute. Education: BSc in Microbiology and Virology from the University of Warwick, UK PhD from Imperial Cancer Research Fund/King's College London Postdoctoral training at Columbia University with Thomas Jessell Dr. Briscoe's research focuses on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of graded signaling by morphogens and the role of transcriptional networks in cell fate specification. His laboratory employs a range of experimental and computational techniques using model systems including mouse and chick embryos and embryonic stem cells. His work has significant implications for understanding developmental processes and their relationship to disease. His recent publications demonstrate a continued focus on morphogen gradients, neural tube development, and computational approaches to understanding cell fate decisions. His research increasingly integrates single-cell technologies and computational modeling to unravel the complexities of developmental patterning. Scientific Awards and Honors: EMBO Young Investigator (2001) EMBO Gold Medal (2008) Elected to EMBO (2009) Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences (2019) Fellow of the Royal Society (2019) As Editor-in-Chief of the journal Development since 2018, Dr. Briscoe plays a significant role in shaping the field of developmental biology. His leadership extends to mentoring researchers and contributing to scientific policy discussions, as evidenced by his recent publication 'Science under siege: protecting scientific progress in turbulent times.' Dr. Briscoe's laboratory at the Crick Institute is well-equipped with access to advanced facilities including light microscopy, flow cytometry, genomics, and computational resources, enabling a multidisciplinary approach to developmental biology questions.
Dr. Robert Huber serves as a Lecturer at the Department of Environmental Systems Science at ETH Zürich, specializing in Agricultural Economics and Policy. His research focuses on the integration of interdisciplinary knowledge to analyze and evaluate management and policy options that promote sustainable development in the agricultural sector. Institution: ETH Zürich Department: Agricultural Economics and Policy Research Focus: Sustainable Agriculture and Policy Methodologies: Bio-economic and agent-based modeling Dr. Huber's research explores how multifunctional agricultural sectors can provide essential non-market goods and services while maintaining their primary economic function of food production. His work applies bio-economic and agent-based modeling techniques to understand farmers' decision-making processes regarding ecosystem services provision, coupled with economic valuation techniques to analyze societal demand for these services. His research aims to identify effective and efficient policy measures that align supply and demand for ecosystem services at landscape scale. His recent publications demonstrate strong expertise in agricultural policy analysis, climate change mitigation strategies, sustainable farming practices, and innovative modeling approaches. His work spans topics from herbicide-free agriculture using remote sensing technologies to biodiversity enhancement in agricultural landscapes and the cost-effectiveness of different climate change mitigation policies at various scales. Remote sensing applications in sustainable agriculture Behavioral aspects of farmer decision-making Policy evaluation methodologies Climate change adaptation in farming systems Economic valuation of ecosystem services Digitalization impacts on agricultural policy Dr. Huber has published extensively in high-impact journals including Journal of Agricultural Economics, People and Nature, and Q Open. His collaborative research often involves interdisciplinary teams addressing complex agricultural sustainability challenges. His publications demonstrate a consistent focus on practical policy implications derived from rigorous empirical analysis.
Joan Bruna is a Full Professor of Computer Science, Data Science, and affiliated Mathematics at New York University's Courant Institute and Center for Data Science. He leads the CILVR group and co-founded the MaD group. His research focuses on mathematical foundations of machine learning, deep learning, signal processing, and their applications in computational science, climate modeling, and geophysics. He holds a Ph.D. in Applied Mathematics from École Polytechnique and has held roles at UC Berkeley, the Institute for Advanced Study, and the Flatiron Institute. Education: Ph.D. (2013) and M.Sc. (2005) in Applied Mathematics, École Polytechnique and ENS Cachan; dual B.Sc./M.Sc. in Telecommunications and Mathematics from UPC Barcelona (2002–2004). Awards include the NSF CAREER Award (2019) and Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship (2018). Research interests span theoretical aspects of deep learning, optimization, and statistical methods, with applications to climate science and inverse problems. He has advised numerous PhD students and postdocs, contributing to seminal work on scattering networks, geometric deep learning, and neural ODEs. Professional service includes editorial roles at TMLR, JMLR, and TPAMI, plus program chairs for major conferences. His work bridges mathematics and machine learning, emphasizing rigorous analysis and real-world impact.
Tengyu Ma is an Assistant Professor of Computer Science at Stanford University. His research focuses on machine learning, deep learning, optimization, and theoretical computer science. He is particularly known for work on neural networks, reinforcement learning, and algorithmic guarantees in AI systems. His email is tengyuma@stanford.edu . Ma's research interests span foundational aspects of machine learning, including generalization theory, optimization algorithms, and the theoretical underpinnings of deep learning. He has contributed to areas such as self-play theorem provers, learning rate schedules, and robustness in low-light vision tasks. His work often bridges theoretical insights with practical algorithm design. His recent publications emphasize advancements in large language models (LLMs), theorem proving via self-play, and understanding training dynamics in deep networks. Despite prolific output, no specific scientific awards are explicitly mentioned in the provided texts. Ongoing work includes exploring in-context learning mechanisms, formal verification of AI systems, and efficient pretraining techniques. His research has implications for both theoretical understanding and real-world applications of AI.
