Xiao W. Mao

Xiao W. Mao, MD is a Research Professor at Loma Linda University School of Medicine with dual appointments in the Basic Sciences Biomedical Engineering Science Division and Radiation Medicine department. His primary research focuses on radiation-induced vascular damage in central nervous system tissues, particularly examining mitochondrial oxidative damage in the retina and brain following radiation exposure.

Dr. Mao's research interests span Radiation Medicine, Space Medicine, Ocular Biology, and Neurovascular Remodeling. His work investigates how radiation and oxidative stress trigger microvascular and tissue remodeling, with special emphasis on spaceflight conditions' effects on brain, eye, and skin. He has pioneered research on antioxidant protectors for radiation damage, notably testing metalloporphyrin-based SOD mimetics as potential adjuncts to radiation therapy.

Analysis of Dr. Mao's recent publications reveals a consistent focus on space radiation effects and microgravity impacts on ocular and neural systems. His research demonstrates how spaceflight conditions induce oxidative damage leading to mitochondrial apoptosis in retinal tissue, suggesting astronauts face increased risk for late retinal degeneration. His work combines radiation biology, ophthalmology, and space physiology to develop potential countermeasures for space-related health issues.

Dr. Mao has secured substantial research funding as Principal Investigator for numerous NASA grants, including the Bion-M2 Spaceflight-induced Effects on Neurovascular Remodeling project (2020-2024) and Effects of Spaceflight on Ocular Oxidative Stress (2016-2021). His research team has participated in Space X-12 and Space X-24 missions, conducting in-orbit animal studies to evaluate retinal microvascular changes under space conditions.

As an active member of the American Society of Gravitational and Space Research (2007-2019), Dr. Mao regularly presents at NASA Human Research Program Investigators' Workshops and Radiation Research Society meetings. His laboratory focuses on stereological quantification of microvessel damage following radiation exposure, using advanced imaging techniques to measure capillary length and structural changes in 3D microscopic data.