Bernard Hoekman

Bernard Hoekman is Professor and Director of Global Economics at the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, European University Institute. He previously served as Director of the International Trade Department at the World Bank and holds visiting positions at SciencesPo. A graduate of Erasmus University Rotterdam, he obtained his PhD from the University of Michigan.

Research focuses on:

• International trade policy and global governance
• Development economics and investment flows
• Regulatory cooperation frameworks
• Services trade liberalization
• WTO reform and dispute settlement

His publications demonstrate consistent focus on trade policy evolution, global value chain integration, and development economics, with recent work examining pandemic-era trade patterns and EU external relations.