Alexandra Hofer

Dr. Alexandra Hofer is an Assistant Professor in Public International Law at Utrecht University School of Law, Department of International and European Law. She actively contributes to interdisciplinary research at the intersection of international law and international relations, focusing on enforcement mechanisms, sanctions, and dispute settlement. A member of the Utrecht Centre for Regulation and Enforcement in Europe (RENFORCE) and Contesting Governance, she also maintains affiliations with the Ghent Rolin-Jaequemyns International Law Institute.

• PhD in International Law from Ghent University (2019)
• LLM in Public International Law from Université Libre de Bruxelles
• MA in International Relations, Peace, and Security Studies from Université Libre de Bruxelles

Her research combines international law with political dynamics, examining topics such as:

• The law of international responsibility
• Sanctions law and proportionality
• Use of force and nonintervention principles
• Peaceful dispute settlement mechanisms
• Emotional influences in international decision-making
• Coercive practices in global governance

Between 2016-2024, her publications demonstrate sustained exploration of:

• Unilateral sanctions and legal order challenges
• EU trade policy evolution
• Sanctions as punitive tools
• Regional organization enforcement
• Legal dynamics in ongoing conflicts

She has organized academic events including:

• PhD/Early Career Workshop: EU Trade in Shifting Landscape (2023)
• Trade and Security Conference (2022)
• Hosting academic visitors (2024)