جست‌وجوی استاد و پژوهشگر

Asuman OKTAYERمشاهده پروفایل

دانشیار

• Monetary Economics
• Monetary Theory
• Economic Theory
• +۱۰ مورد دیگر

Assoc. Prof. Asuman OKTAYER is a faculty member at Yıldız Technical University , affiliated with the Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences in the Department of Economics . She has been an Associate Professor since 2015, following progressive academic roles from Research Assistant to Lecturer and Assistant Professor. Doctorate in Economics, Yıldız Technical University (2007) Master's in Economics, Istanbul University (2001) Bachelor's in Economics, Istanbul University (1998) Her research and teaching focus on Monetary Economics , with particular emphasis on Monetary Theory , Demand for Money , Money Supply , Inflation Targeting , and Monetary Transmission Mechanisms . She has developed extensive course materials and lecture notes on core topics such as interest rates, exchange rates, and portfolio theories, reflecting a deep engagement with both theoretical and applied aspects of monetary policy. The recent publications (lecture notes and slides) indicate a consistent scholarly output centered around monetary policy frameworks , inflation dynamics , and financial market interactions . These materials suggest strong pedagogical contributions and a focus on current central banking practices, especially inflation targeting and policy conduct. No scientific awards are listed in the provided information. She has advised 5 theses , demonstrating active mentorship. Additionally, she holds significant administrative responsibilities as Deputy Director of the Social Innovation (Sosyopark) and Strategic Research Centers, and serves as the Farabi Program Institutional Coordinator . These roles reflect leadership in academic collaboration and institutional development. She is involved in research through Yıldız Technical University’s research information system (Avesis), with publications indexed in WoS, Scopus, and Google Scholar. She also contributes to open-access knowledge sharing by publishing lecture notes and course materials online.

Allison Fishمشاهده پروفایل

دانشیار

• Intellectual and Cultural Property Law
• Law and Technology
• Indigenous Peoples and the Law
• +۶ مورد دیگر

Associate Professor Allison Fish is an interdisciplinary scholar at The University of Queensland (UQ) with appointments across the School of Law , Centre for Digital Cultures & Societies , and Centre for Policy Futures . Her expertise bridges law , socio-cultural anthropology , and science & technology studies , focusing on how legal frameworks and technological infrastructures mediate knowledge accessibility. Academic Leadership: Associate Professor (School of Law), Principal Research Fellow (Centre for Policy Futures), Affiliate (ARC COE in Quantum Biotechnology) Key Research Areas: Intellectual & Cultural Property Law, Law & Technology, Indigenous Knowledge Governance, Digital Archives, and Bioprospecting Regulation Publication Trends: Recent works examine Yoga-as-Property , Indigenous Ethnobotanical Knowledge , and Techno-legal Border Dynamics . Her scholarship critically challenges deterministic views of techno-scientific innovation outpacing legal systems. Scientific Awards: Internet Society’s Mid-Career Fellowship Supervision & Grants: Currently advising 10 PhD students on topics spanning AI Regulation , Tobacco Law Reform , Quantum Biotechnology Inclusion , and Indigenous Cultural Heritage . Holds major grants including ARC Centre of Excellence in Quantum Biotechnology and ARC Discovery Indigenous .

Thomas Völkerمشاهده پروفایل

پژوهشگر ارشد

• Science and Technology Studies
• Environmental Governance
• Sustainable Aquaculture
• +۵ مورد دیگر

Thomas Völker is a Postdoctoral Fellow in the MSCA SEAS programme at the Centre for the Study of the Sciences and the Humanities at the University of Bergen. His research focuses on environmental governance, sustainable aquaculture transitions, and the implementation of circular economy policies through responsible research and innovation (RRI) principles in Norway. Dr. Völker holds a PhD from the University of Vienna where he studied 'futuring' practices in transdisciplinary sustainability research from a Science and Technology Studies (STS) perspective. Prior to his current position, he worked at the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC), where he developed expertise in participatory decision-making at the interfaces between science, policy, and society. His research interests span multiple interconnected fields including Science and Technology Studies, environmental governance, sustainable aquaculture development, circular economy implementation, and participatory democracy in policymaking. Völker examines how knowledge is produced and circulated in environmental governance contexts, with particular attention to collective experiments with participatory democracy in policy formulation. Völker has made significant contributions to understanding how indicators and measurement systems shape environmental policy, particularly in the European context. His work reveals how seemingly technical measurement practices carry political implications and shape visions of sustainable futures. He has also contributed to UNESCO's work on universities and the 2030 Agenda as a representative of the University of Bergen. Dr. Völker is an active contributor to academic discourse through publications, conference presentations, and public engagement. His recent work has focused on translating responsible research and innovation principles into territorial contexts, examining the politics of measurement in energy efficiency policy, and exploring engagement collectives at the European Commission's Joint Research Centre. He has taught extensively at both university and policy institution levels, developing courses on citizen engagement, knowledge production cultures, temporalities in knowledge societies, and understanding technoscientific futures. His teaching reflects his commitment to bridging academic theory with practical policy applications.

Marius Buningمشاهده پروفایل

پژوهشگر

• History of Science
• Intellectual Property Law
• Patent Law
• +۵ مورد دیگر

Marius Buning is a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science (MPIWG) in Berlin, a prestigious research institution dedicated to understanding scientific thinking and practice as historical phenomena. His work focuses on the intersection of intellectual property law, science, and technology in early modern Europe, particularly examining how patent systems influenced scientific methodology and state formation. Buning completed his PhD at the European University Institute in Florence in 2013. His doctoral research examined the history of patent law in relation to early modern science, focusing on the Dutch Republic between 1581-1621. He reconstructed the legal background of the patents system, social construction of patent procedures, and how new inventions were tested during this period. Marius Buning's research centers on the origins of intellectual property law and its relationship with scientific development. He investigates how experimentation bears upon theoretical frameworks and the role of early modern states in defining scientific and technological fields. His work argues that patent systems were integral to state formation and provided distinct "working models" for establishing truth claims through experimental methods. Buning has particular expertise in Dutch Republic history and its contributions to modern scientific methodology. Through numerous presentations and publications from 2010-2016, Buning has established himself as a specialist in the history of patent law and its connections to scientific knowledge production. His work spans multiple disciplines including legal history, history of science, and early modern European studies, revealing how intellectual property frameworks shaped scientific practice. Buning has held various academic positions including Teaching Assistant at the University of Amsterdam (2006), Visiting Fellow at Harvard University's History of Science department (2010), and student representative at the European University Institute (2012). He currently contributes to the "Primary Sources on Copyright (1450-1900)" project, a Cambridge-based initiative creating a digital archive of historical copyright materials. His research projects include "Privileged Knowledge: The Politics of Print in the Early Dutch Republic" and "Spaces of Exchange of Objects and Knowledge," demonstrating his commitment to understanding how knowledge circulated and was regulated in pre-modern societies.

Monika Dommannمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Cultural History
• Media History
• Economic History
• +۶ مورد دیگر

Professor Monika Dommann holds a Chair at the History Department of the University of Zurich, where she leads research on the development and impact of technology, media, infrastructures, and knowledge in diverse social, cultural, and political contexts from the 19th to the 21st century, with particular focus on interrelationships between Europe, North America, and the Caribbean. Her research interests span cultural and media history, economic history, the history of knowledge and science, and digital history. She examines how technological systems shape social relations and how knowledge circulates through media infrastructures, with recent work focusing on logistics history, copyright, and the material dimensions of economic practices. Her research reveals how seemingly neutral technical systems carry political dimensions and historical contingencies. Analysis of her recent publications shows a consistent trajectory examining the relationship between material infrastructures and knowledge systems. Her work moves from early studies on X-ray technology to copyright history, then to economic observation systems, and most recently to logistics and supply chain history. A recurring theme is how standardization processes create invisible frameworks that govern social and economic life. Professor Dommann actively supervises numerous BA and MA students, with dozens of theses completed under her guidance covering diverse historical topics from telephone surveillance in Switzerland to the squatting movement in 1980s Zurich. Her research group regularly offers courses on historical methods and theories alongside specialized topics in media and economic history. Her work is organized through collaborative research projects with international partners, often resulting in edited volumes that bring together scholars from multiple disciplines. Current projects focus on data centers, new economy formations, and material flows in global contexts.

Jing Hua Zhaoمشاهده پروفایل

پژوهشگر ارشد

• Epidemiology
• Public Health
• Proteogenomics
• +۴ مورد دیگر

Jing Hua Zhao is a Senior Research Associate in the Department of Public Health and Primary Care at the University of Cambridge, affiliated with the Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit and Cambridge Cardiovascular . With academic appointments at institutions including Harvard University and King's College London, he specializes in genetic epidemiology and proteogenomics . Education: PhD in Genetics (King's College London), MMed (Fudan University), BMed (Shandong University) Research: Focus on pQTL mapping , GWAS meta-analysis , and inflammatory protein networks using INTERVAL cohort data. Software: Maintains open-source tools on CRAN and GitHub including gap , pQTLtools , and SCALLOP-INF packages. His work has produced 15+ major publications since 2018, with a focus on inflammatory disease mechanisms and therapeutic target identification . Notable collaborations include the Host Genetics Initiative and SCALLOP consortium.

Stephan Martin Scheuzgerمشاهده پروفایل

مدرس ارشد

• global history (19th-21st centuries)
• history of punishment
• history of social policy
• +۴ مورد دیگر

Stephan Martin Scheuzger serves as a Senior Lecturer at the Institute of History within the Department of Humanities, Social and Political Sciences at ETH Zurich, while also holding a position as Senior Researcher at the Liechtenstein Institute. His academic profile bridges historical scholarship with social and political sciences at one of Europe's premier technical universities. Dr. Scheuzger's research encompasses several interconnected historical domains: Global history spanning the 19th to 21st centuries Evolution of punishment systems worldwide Development of social policy and approaches to poverty Historical trajectories of small states Methodologies for addressing historical injustice Latin American history across two centuries His current scholarly work focuses on two major research initiatives examining welfare systems in Liechtenstein across two centuries and the global circulation of carceral knowledge during the 19th century. These projects demonstrate his commitment to transnational historical analysis that connects local contexts with global frameworks. At ETH Zurich, Dr. Scheuzger teaches the course 'Globalization – Theories, Concepts, Aspects' (851-0499-00L) for the Fall semester 2025, drawing upon his expertise in global historical processes. His office is located at RZ G 16.1, Clausiusstrasse 59, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.

Abdullah Keçecilerمشاهده پروفایل

دانشیار

• Renewable Energy Systems
• Energy Management
• Thermal Systems
• +۷ مورد دیگر

Abdullah Keçeciler is an Associate Professor and current Department Head of Industrial Engineering at Dumlupınar University's Faculty of Engineering, with continuous academic service since 1983 across Cumhuriyet University, Mustafa Kemal University, and Dumlupınar University. His extensive administrative leadership includes directing the Alternative Energy Resources Research and Application Center since 2014. His educational foundation comprises: Bachelor's in Mechanical Engineering, Erciyes University (1979-1982) Master's in Mechanical Engineering, Erciyes University (1984-1987) PhD in Mechanical Engineering, Erciyes University (1987-1992) Keçeciler's research centers on Renewable Energy Systems and Energy Management , with pioneering work in solar/wind applications for disaster response, mobile energy stations, and geothermal absorption cooling. His thermal engineering expertise spans fluid dynamics, heat transfer optimization, and sustainable system design, consistently bridging mechanical engineering principles with industrial applications through projects like 3D-printed aerodynamic prototypes and solar-powered ecological research vessels. His 2017 publications reveal critical trends in renewable energy integration for emergency scenarios, advanced thermal modeling for industrial processes, and computational analysis of cooling technologies—demonstrating sustained focus on practical energy solutions for both crisis management and everyday applications. Key recognitions include: TUBITAK Formula-G 2009 Solar Vehicle Design First Prize TUBITAK Scientific Publication Award (2002) Multiple university-level publication incentives (1997-2002) As principal investigator for 13 projects—including current 2024-2025 wind tunnel aerodynamics research—he has secured funding for solar-hybrid campus lighting, mobile energy stations, and underwater ecological studies. His leadership extends to directing Dumlupınar University's Alternative Energy Resources Research Center, where cross-disciplinary teams develop deployable renewable energy systems for disaster management and sustainable infrastructure. The center operates advanced facilities for solar/wind energy testing, thermal system prototyping, and emergency response simulation, directly supporting his research on off-grid power solutions and energy resilience.

Niccolò Mignemiمشاهده پروفایل

پژوهشگر ارشد

• Economic History
• Social History of Agriculture
• Agricultural Policies
• +۵ مورد دیگر

Niccolò Mignemi is a CNRS Research Fellow at the Historical Research Center (CRH) within the School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences (EHESS) in Paris. He is affiliated with the ERHIMOR and GrHEco research teams, working from office A 04-08 at 54, boulevard Raspail. His research focuses on the economic and social history of agriculture and agricultural policies in the contemporary era, with particular attention to transnational networks developed during the first half of the 20th century in response to globalization of agri-food markets, and agricultural specialization in Mediterranean Europe from the late 19th century through the early years of the Common Agricultural Policy. Mignemi's research interests span the economic and social history of the countryside and agriculture (19th-20th century), agricultural policies and agrifood specializations (particularly fruit and market gardening sectors), and organizations, conflicts and mobility in rural areas. His methodological approach combines archival research with transnational and comparative perspectives, revealing how local agricultural practices connected to global economic transformations. His recent scholarly output shows a consistent focus on international agricultural institutions, particularly the International Institute of Agriculture, and their role in shaping global food systems. The articles demonstrate his expertise in tracing how statistical systems, information infrastructures, and transnational networks influenced agricultural development across Europe and beyond. His work reveals patterns connecting local farming practices to global market forces, with particular attention to how knowledge circulated across national boundaries. Editor-in-Chief of Rural Studies Member of the Editorial Committee of the Rural History in Europe collection (Brepols) Member of the Steering Committee of the French Association of Economic History (AFHé) Coordinator of IRN CoVar ( Coping with variety: resource-use and specialization in rural change ), 2023-2027 Mignemi has supervised numerous doctoral students and participated in multiple international research collaborations. His work has been supported by various research grants focusing on agricultural history and transnational economic networks. He regularly participates in major international conferences and workshops on rural history and agricultural development. His laboratory work centers around the ERHIMOR and GrHEco research teams at CRH, where he collaborates with historians, economists, and sociologists studying rural transformations. The research environment emphasizes interdisciplinary approaches to understanding agricultural change through historical perspective.

Nicole Mittermairمشاهده پروفایل

پژوهشگر

• Bronze Age Metallurgy in Central and South-Eastern Europe
• Bronze and Iron Age burial rites
• Organisation of crafts
• +۳ مورد دیگر

Nicole Mittermair is a Doctoral Student and Researcher at the Institute for Oriental and European Archaeology (OeAI) within the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna, Austria. She has served as coordinator of the Early Career Researcher Group (ECRG) since 2021 and is employed in the FWF-funded project "New Studies on Metal-Producing Societies in the Bronze Age" since December 2020. Her academic credentials include: Bachelor's degree in Archaeology from the University of Innsbruck Master's degree in Prehistory and Historical Archaeology from the University of Vienna Ms. Mittermair specializes in Bronze Age material culture with emphases on metallurgical networks spanning Italy and the Balkans, funerary practices across Bronze-Iron Age transitions, craft organization systems, and technical analysis of metal artifacts through object biography approaches. Her methodological focus combines macroscopic artifact examination with socio-technical network reconstruction to investigate prehistoric knowledge transmission and resource circulation. She previously contributed to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft-funded project on Heuneburg settlement landscapes (2018-2020) and the OeAW-Innovationsfonds initiative "Visualizing the Unknown Balkans". As ECRG coordinator, she develops professional pathways for junior researchers through workshops and networking platforms while advancing her own work in the "Urnfield Culture Networks" research group. Her current project "Tracking the routes" examines Bronze Age copper supply chain dynamics, integrating archaeological fieldwork with laboratory analysis to reconstruct metal circulation patterns across southeastern Europe.

• History of Science
• Science and Religion
• History of Mechanics and Astronomy
• +۴ مورد دیگر

Renee Raphael is an associate professor in the Department of History at the University of California, Irvine, specializing in the history of early modern science. She investigates mining knowledge, archival practices in the Iberian world, and the metaphor of the mine as a 'trading zone.' Her research has been supported by the National Science Foundation, Fulbright Program, Villa I Tatti, Harvard Center for Italian Renaissance Studies, and Huntington Library. Her research interests include science and religion, history of mechanics and astronomy, science and visual culture, history of the book and its readers, history of universities, and history of early modern mining. Current research examines textual inscription of mining knowledge and administrative practices in colonial contexts. Recent publications focus on transatlantic mining history, Renaissance technology, and knowledge production. Articles consistently analyze colonial labor systems, technical innovation, and textual representation across Iberian and Andean contexts. Awards and Fellowships: National Science Foundation Fulbright Program Villa I Tatti Fellowship Harvard Center for Italian Renaissance Studies Huntington Library Fellowship

Theresa Scaveniusمشاهده پروفایل

دانشیار

• Climate Change
• Climate Governance
• Climate Politics
• +۳ مورد دیگر

Theresa Scavenius is an Associate Professor in the Department of Sustainability and Planning at the Technical Faculty of IT and Design, Aalborg University. Her research centers on climate governance and politics with emphasis on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and democratic institutions. Her primary research interests include climate governance, climate politics, democratic institutions in climate action, IPCC knowledge production, and the role of non-peer-reviewed literature in climate modeling. She investigates emerging forms of climate denialism and develops the concept of climate states (Klimastaten), analyzing how environmental considerations integrate into political and economic systems. Recent publications (2022-2025) demonstrate a concentrated focus on the IPCC, mapping its epistemic geography over three decades, examining grey literature in scenario modeling, and identifying new generations of climate denialism. These works bridge climate science, political science, and environmental policy to dissect science-policy interfaces and knowledge hierarchies. Scavenius has supervised one PhD student and led two research projects: Mapping the epistemic geographies of the IPCC 1990-2022 (2023-2026, active): Analyzes knowledge production and circulation within the IPCC across 30 years. GREEN TRANSITION PATHS (2018-2021, completed): Investigated pathways for systemic green transitions. She actively contributes to the Geoinformatics & Earth Observation research group at Aalborg University, engaging in collaborative work on spatial climate analysis.

• History of Chinese Medicine
• Daoism and Religion
• Digital Humanities
• +۵ مورد دیگر

Michael Stanley-Baker (徐源) is an Associate Professor in the History Department at Nanyang Technological University, specializing in the history of Chinese medicine and religion, particularly Daoism. He also serves as an associate of the UCL China Centre for Health and Humanities and as treasurer on the council of the International Association for the Study of Traditional Asian Medicines. Stanley-Baker received his PhD from University College London and holds a clinical degree in Chinese medicine from Ruseto College, Boulder CO. His academic journey includes work and study at Indiana University, Bloomington; Academia Sinica, Taipei; and the Needham Institute, Cambridge. He has conducted extensive fieldwork with healers in Taiwan and China, bridging scholarly and clinical perspectives. His research focuses on the intersection of religion, medicine, and science in Chinese history, with particular emphasis on Daoist healing practices and the circulation of medical knowledge. He employs innovative digital humanities methods to analyze historical medical texts, creating tools like the Polyglot Asian Medicine Knowledge Graph System and the DAOBUDMED6D corpus for studying Six Dynasties medical, Daoist, and Buddhist texts. His recent publications reveal a growing emphasis on transnational medical exchanges, the historical geography of drugs, and the political dimensions of medical knowledge. Stanley-Baker's work challenges conventional boundaries between 'medicine' and 'religion,' arguing for more nuanced understandings of how healing knowledge was organized and transmitted in pre-modern contexts. International Association for the Study of Traditional Asian Medicines Council Member Lead developer of Polyglot Asian Medicine digital project Co-editor of the Routledge Handbook of Chinese Medicine Stanley-Baker directs the 'Drugs across Asia' digital humanities project, which creates new tools for analyzing pharmacological knowledge in Asian historical texts. His work combines traditional philological approaches with cutting-edge digital methods, facilitating large-scale analysis of drug references across religious and medical canons. His research has important implications for understanding how medical knowledge circulated across cultural and political boundaries in pre-modern Asia.

Ruth Schillingمشاهده پروفایل

استاد

• Maritime History
• Museum Knowledge Transfer
• Early Modern Political History
• +۵ مورد دیگر

Ruth Schilling is Professor of Maritime History at the University of Bremen and Managing Director of the German Maritime Museum/Leibniz Institute of Maritime History since January 1, 2024. She has been instrumental in transforming the museum from a technology-focused institution to one that examines the historical, contemporary, and future relationships between humanity and the sea. Her academic leadership spans both the university and museum contexts, with a W3 Professorship in Maritime History held in conjunction with her museum directorship. Education: Magistra artium in Modern/Contemporary History, Ancient History, and Greek Studies, Humboldt University Berlin (1995-2001) Dr. phil. in History, Humboldt University Berlin (2008) Ruth Schilling's research fundamentally examines how maritime history shapes global networks and human experience. Her work spans from early modern political rituals to contemporary museum practices, with particular focus on how knowledge about the sea is created, transmitted, and displayed. She argues that 'world history is maritime history' and investigates how oceanic perspectives transform our understanding of global connections. Her interdisciplinary approach bridges historical scholarship with museum practice, examining how material culture and digital technologies can reshape public engagement with maritime heritage. This perspective informs both her academic research and her leadership in transforming the German Maritime Museum into a research institution that reflects on humanity's relationship with the sea across time. Her recent publications reveal a growing emphasis on digital approaches to maritime heritage, the materiality of oceanic knowledge, and the colonial dimensions of maritime networks. Rather than treating maritime history as a specialized niche, her work demonstrates how sea-based perspectives fundamentally reframe our understanding of global history, connecting early modern political rituals with contemporary environmental challenges. The consistent thread through her scholarship is how knowledge about the sea is constructed, circulated, and contested across different historical periods and institutional contexts. Scientific Awards: Karl Ferdinand von Werner-Fellowship at the German Historical Institute Paris (2022) Visiting Senior Fellow at Trinity Hall, University of Cambridge (2020) Fellowship Internationales Museum from the German Federal Cultural Foundation (2015) Dissertation Publication Support from Humboldt University Berlin (2011) Schilling has supervised multiple doctoral dissertations examining maritime history from diverse perspectives, including seafarer families, historical shipbuilding, and religious practices at sea. Her research projects secure significant funding, including the SAW Project 'Digital Materialities' and research on the North German Lloyd's role in German colonialism. She chairs the Northern Sea Maritime Museums' Network and has served on expert panels for the German federal government on marine pollution. As leader of the German Maritime Museum's transformation, Schilling directs research hubs focused on digital approaches to maritime heritage and the museum's role in contemporary environmental discourse. Her 'Post digital Participation' project within the Leibniz Research Campus explores innovative ways to engage diverse audiences with maritime history through both physical and digital means.

Claire Barberمشاهده پروفایل

مدرس ارشد

• Textile Art
• Community Engagement
• Site-Specific Art
• +۷ مورد دیگر

Claire Barber is a Senior Lecturer at the University of Huddersfield's Department of Design and Architecture within the School of Arts and Humanities. She is affiliated with three research centers: Centre for Cultural Ecologies in Art, Design and Architecture; Centre for History, Culture and Memory; and Centre for Experimental Practices (CXP). Barber joined the university in 2009 and supervises PhD students in textile-related research. Doctor of Philosophy by Publication (2016) 62 Group of Textile Artists member ORCID: 0000-0002-1602-3501 Her practice-based research explores textile art through site-specific installations , archival investigations , and community collaborations . Key themes include transmigration narratives, humanitarian craft, and the intersection of textiles with sound art. Barber's work aligns with UN Sustainable Development Goals for sustainable cities and reduced inequalities. Recent creative outputs include collaborations with sound artist Gavin Osborn (2021-present), community projects on Barlby Road/Selby (2022-2025), and co-editorship of Humanitarian Handicrafts: Histories of Textiles, Aid and Development (MUP 2023). Her 2017 Hull Paragon Station commission The Train Track and the Basket exemplifies textile engagement with migration histories. Scientific Contributions: Member of 62 Group of Textile Artists Developed textile-sound interplay methodologies Recipient of 2016 PhD by Publication recognition Claire's research outputs total 84, including 100% Arts & Humanities fingerprint with expertise in textiles, community engagement, and cultural ecologies. She has organized 18 invited talks, 45 activities, and 6 book/media contributions since 2001, including the 2025 Research in Conversation series.