Vittorio Solina is a Researcher at the Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering (DIMEG) of the University of Calabria, specializing in industrial systems simulation and digital twin technologies. His work spans Industry 4.0/5.0 applications, supply chain optimization, and human-robot collaboration. Affiliation: University of Calabria Academic Role: Researcher (Legge 240/10) Research Focus: Digital twins, simulation modeling, sustainable manufacturing His research emphasizes advanced simulation tools for decision support, including applications in Industry 4.0 , Smart Manufacturing , and Agri-Food Supply Chains . Recent work explores adaptive simulation optimization for Industry 5.0 and 5G-enabled robotics. Key publication trends include: (1) Digital twin integration for supply chain resilience (2024-2025), (2) Simulation automation methodologies (2025), and (3) Human-robot collaboration frameworks (2024).
Dawn Song is a Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of California, Berkeley, affiliated with multiple research centers including the Berkeley Artificial Intelligence Research Lab (BAIR) and the Berkeley Center for Responsible, Decentralized Intelligence (RDI). She holds leadership roles in AI safety, cybersecurity, and blockchain research. Her work bridges machine learning, security, and distributed systems, with notable contributions to formal verification, privacy-preserving technologies, and AI governance. Education: Ph.D. (2002) and M.S. (1999) in Computer Science from UC Berkeley and Carnegie Mellon University, respectively. She previously served as an Assistant Professor at Carnegie Mellon University before joining UC Berkeley in 2007. Research Interests: Dawn's work focuses on AI safety, cybersecurity, and the ethical implications of frontier AI. She explores topics such as large language model vulnerabilities, zero-knowledge proofs, blockchain security, and policy frameworks for AI governance. Her research combines theoretical rigor with practical applications, addressing challenges in secure systems, adversarial machine learning, and privacy-preserving computation. Publications: Her recent work includes groundbreaking studies on LLM memorization, smart contract decompilation, and AI agent cybersecurity evaluation. She also leads initiatives like the Singapore Consensus and California Report on AI safety priorities, emphasizing global collaboration in risk mitigation. Notable Awards: MacArthur Fellowship (2010), ACM Fellow (2019), IEEE Fellow (2019) Advising & Grants: She advises projects on AI policy and cybersecurity, securing grants from NSF, DARPA, and industry collaborations. Her lab develops tools like CyberGym for evaluating AI agents and zkPyTorch for secure machine learning. Labs & Teams: Her research groups at UC Berkeley focus on cutting-edge projects in AI safety, blockchain, and cybersecurity, collaborating with industry leaders and policymakers to advance both technical and ethical standards.
Joseph A. November is an Associate Professor in the Department of History at the University of South Carolina, affiliated with the McCausland College of Arts and Sciences. His research focuses on the history of biomedical computing, distributed computing, and the intersection of technology and medicine. He holds a Ph.D. from Princeton University (2006), an M.A. from the University of Chicago (2002), and a B.A. from Hamilton College (1997). His work includes the award-winning book Biomedical Computing: Digitizing Life in the United States (2012), which explores the co-development of biomedicine and computing technologies. Current projects include Revolutions@home , examining distributed computing in protein folding research, and a biography of computing pioneer Robert S. Ledley. He has received grants from the NSF, NIH, and the Charles Babbage Institute. Teaching interests span the history of science and technology, including courses on the history of medicine, digital humanities, and the role of games in historical education. He actively contributes to professional organizations like SHOT and the History of Science Society. Awards include the Computer History Museum Prize (2013) and the National Institutes of Health DeWitt Stetten Fellowship (2007-2008). His research bridges historical analysis with contemporary issues in technology and biomedical ethics.
Dr. Diyi Yang is an Assistant Professor in the Computer Science Department at Stanford University. She leads the Social and Language Technologies (SALT) Lab, affiliated with the Stanford NLP Group, Stanford HCI Group, Stanford AI Lab (SAIL), and Stanford Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI). Her research focuses on socially aware natural language processing, large language models (LLMs), and human-AI interaction, aiming to improve human-human and human-computer communication through socially grounded AI systems. Education: Ph.D. in Language Technologies Institute, Carnegie Mellon University (2013–2019) B.S. in ACM Honored Class, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (2009–2013) Research Interests: Dr. Yang’s work bridges computational social science and NLP. She explores how AI can understand social contexts in language use and develop systems that respect cultural norms, ethical standards, and human values. Her lab’s projects include AI companions for skill training (e.g., Rehearsal Dialects), norm-aware LLMs (NormBank), and frameworks for human-AI collaboration (Co-Gym). Recent efforts address bias in AI, societal impacts of LLMs, and ethical evaluation of human-AI systems. Awards & Honors: 2024: Sloan Research Fellowship, ONR Young Investigator Award 2023: Adamic-Glance Young Distinguished Award (ICWSM), Kavli Fellow (NAS) 2022: NSF CAREER Award, Microsoft Research Faculty Fellow 2020: IEEE AI’s 10 to Watch Advising & Grants: Dr. Yang advises over 10 PhD students and postdocs, co-leading projects on LLM evaluation (SWE-bench/SWE-smith), human-AI ethics, and culturally aware NLP. Her research is supported by NSF, Amazon, DARPA, Google, and Stanford’s HAI initiative. Labs & Teams: The SALT Lab collaborates across disciplines, with projects spanning computer science, linguistics, and social sciences. Current initiatives include developing AI tools for mental health support (AI Partner & Mentor) and auditing societal impacts of LLMs.
Chua Tat Seng is a Professor at the School of Computing, National University of Singapore (NUS), holding the KITHCT Chair Professorship since 2009. He serves as co-Director of the NExT++ Center, a joint research center between NUS and Tsinghua University focused on Extreme Search. His academic career spans over three decades at NUS, where he has held various leadership positions including Acting Dean of the School of Computing (1998-2000) and Acting Head of the Department of Information Systems & Computer Science (1996-1998). Professor Chua's research spans unstructured data analytics , multimedia information retrieval , recommendation and conversation systems , and emerging applications in e-commerce and fintech . He established the Lab for Media Search (LMS) at the School of Computing and has been instrumental in advancing multimodal learning and search technologies. His work bridges theoretical foundations with practical applications, particularly in developing trustable AI systems for real-world deployment. His recent publications demonstrate a strong focus on large language models for recommendation systems , multimodal learning , and generative AI applications . The research trends show increasing emphasis on LLM-based recommendation, multimodal understanding, and addressing fundamental challenges in AI reliability, fairness, and efficiency. His work spans theoretical advancements in representation learning to practical applications in e-commerce, finance, and healthcare domains. ACM SIGMM Technical Achievement Award 2015 Multiple Best Paper Awards across ACM Multimedia, IEEE Transactions, and MMM conferences (2007-2020) Professor Chua has supervised 37 PhD students since 2004, establishing himself as a dedicated mentor in the academic community. His research has been supported by substantial grants including NExT++ ($12 million), Base Metals Price Forecasting ($200,000), and Multilingual Multimodal Knowledge Graph ($500,000). He maintains active collaborations with Tsinghua University, University of Southampton, and industry partners like Four Elements Capital and Singapore Press Holdings. As co-Director of the NExT++ Center, he leads a major research initiative focused on Web Intelligence and User Empowerment. His visiting professorships at Tsinghua University (2017-present) and Zhejiang University (2021-present) reflect his international impact in the field of multimedia and AI research.
Cheryl Gaimon holds the Esther and Edward J. Brown Chair and serves as a Regents' Professor at the Scheller College of Business, Georgia Institute of Technology. She is Faculty Director of the Management of Technology (MoT) Certificate Program, which she helped establish, and teaches across all academic levels including executive education. Professor Gaimon initiated the Operations Management Program and served as its first Area Coordinator for seven years. Her academic credentials include: Ph.D. in Operations Research from Carnegie Mellon University M.S. in Industrial Administration (Operations Management) from Carnegie Mellon University B.S. in Mathematics and Economics (Magna Cum Laude) from Brooklyn College, City University of New York Professor Gaimon's research centers on managing knowledge-based resources in technology-driven environments. Her work spans Innovation and Management of Technology , Knowledge Management and Outsourcing , New Product/Process Development , Alliances for Innovation , and Sustainability Research . She examines how firms navigate technological change through strategic resource allocation, knowledge transfer, and sustainable operations, with increasing emphasis on environmental strategies in recent years. Her publication trajectory reveals consistent focus on operations management within technological evolution—from foundational work on technology acquisition and capacity planning to contemporary studies on environmental strategies and multidisciplinary technology management. Key journals featuring her research include Management Science , Operations Research , and Production and Operations Management . Major recognitions include: Regents' Professor designation (2005) by the Georgia Board of Regents The 1999 Georgia Tech Research Award for doctoral student development Brady Family Award for Faculty Research Excellence (2014) Best Department Editor Award for POM (2024) POMS Fellow status and Distinguished Service Award (2009/2014) As an educator, she has mentored doctoral students and shaped curriculum through the MoT program. Her professional leadership includes serving as POMS President (2008-2009), founding co-President of the POMS College on Product Innovation and Technology Management, and editorial roles at top journals including Management Science and Production and Operations Management . Professor Gaimon directs the interdisciplinary Management of Technology Certificate Program, fostering cross-departmental collaboration for technology management research and education while advancing sustainability integration in operations.
Prof. Luke Zettlemoyer is an Adjunct Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Washington, with affiliations to the Department of Linguistics. He focuses on machine learning, natural language processing, and multimodal systems, contributing to advancements in large language models, ethical AI, and scalable architectures. His research addresses challenges in model alignment, generalization, and cross-domain integration. Key research interests include multimodal reward models, efficient tokenization strategies, and model optimization techniques. He has explored topics such as neural trajectories for robot learning, content-adaptive image processing, and ethical mitigation of verbatim data reproduction. His publications span 2023–2025, emphasizing practical applications of AI in robotics, vision-language systems, and scalable retrieval-based models. While no formal awards are listed, his work reflects significant contributions to foundational AI research.
Tal Malkin is a Professor of Computer Science at Columbia University, directing the Cryptography Lab and serving as inaugural chair of the Cybersecurity Center at Columbia's Data Science Institute. She holds a Ph.D. from MIT (2000), joined Columbia after AT&T Labs research experience, and focuses on cryptography, security, complexity theory with applications in secure computation, zero-knowledge proofs, and privacy-preserving systems . Education: B.S. in Math and Computer Science, Bar-Ilan University M.S. in Computer Science, Weizmann Institute of Science Ph.D. in Computer Science, MIT (2000) Research Interests: Malkin's work spans foundational and applied cryptography, including homomorphic encryption, lattice-based protocols, attribute-based encryption, and tamper-resilient systems . She explores intersections with machine learning and information theory , addressing challenges in multi-party computation , public-key encryption , and side-channel resistance . Scientific Contributions: Her publications include breakthroughs in non-malleable codes , secure computation , and privacy-preserving databases . Notable works involve continual leakage resilience , optimally-fair coin tossing , and garbled circuits for efficient cryptographic protocols. Awards & Grants: Recipient of the NSF CAREER award, IBM and Google faculty research awards, and the IACR Fellow designation. Her research is funded by NSF, NSA, DHS, NYSIA, IARPA, and industry partnerships with Google, IBM, Mitsubishi, and NEC. Professional Leadership: Former conference chairs at CRYPTO 2021 , CCS 2017 , and CT-RSA conferences. Active in program committees for over 20 leading cryptography and security events, including FOCS , Eurocrypt , and Real World Crypto . Advising: Supervised numerous Ph.D. students and postdoctoral researchers, including Marshall Ball , Chengyu Lin , and Negev Shekhel Nosatzki . Her lab has mentored graduates like Ghada Almashaqbeh (2019) and Fernando Krell (2016), focusing on decentralized networks , secure learning , and cryptographic primitives .
Professor Ihab Ilyas is a leading figure in data management and machine learning at the Cheriton School of Computer Science , University of Waterloo , where he holds the Thomson Reuters Research Chair in Data Quality . He is currently on leave from the university, serving as a Distinguished Engineer, Proactive Intelligence at Apple Inc . His research focuses on data cleaning , large-scale data integration , knowledge graphs , and machine learning applications in data quality . He has pioneered systems like HoloClean and Saga , with commercial impacts through co-founded startups Inductiv (acquired by Apple) and Tamr . PhD in Computer Science from Purdue University Co-founder of Inductiv (acquired by Apple) Co-founder of Tamr Research Interests include: Probabilistic and uncertain data management Machine learning for data quality and enrichment Big data systems and information extraction Knowledge graph construction and optimization Scientific Awards and Recognitions include: Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada (2024) C.C. Gotlieb Computer Award (2024) IEEE Fellow (2021) ACM Fellow (2020) Cheriton Faculty Fellowship (2013-2016) Ontario Early Researcher Award
Maya Ramanath is an Associate Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi. She joined IIT Delhi in 2011 after a postdoctoral research stint at the Max-Planck Institute for Informatics in Germany. Her research interests focus on database systems, information retrieval, semantic web technologies, and knowledge graph construction and applications. Education: PhD in Computer Science, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore M.Sc.(Engg.) in Computer Science, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore B.E. in Computer Science and Engineering, Bangalore University, Bangalore Her recent work emphasizes efficient query processing over large-scale graphs, knowledge graph applications, and natural language interfaces for semantic data. Notable contributions include algorithms for reachability approximation in web-scale graphs, speculative query planning for knowledge graphs, and exploratory querying techniques. She has collaborated extensively on projects like NAGA, ESTHETE, and KlusTree, advancing the state of the art in graph-based data management and semantic search. Publications span conferences such as ICDE, ECIR, EDBT, and VLDB, reflecting a strong focus on database systems, graph algorithms, and semantic web applications. Her work bridges theoretical foundations with practical implementations, addressing scalability and efficiency challenges in modern data management systems. Research and advising activities include supervision of projects on distributed graph processing, query optimization, and knowledge representation. She has contributed to open-source tools like LegoDB and StatiX, and her lab focuses on interdisciplinary approaches to data-centric AI.
Aniket (Niki) Kittur is a Professor in the Human-Computer Interaction Institute (HCII) at Carnegie Mellon University's School of Computer Science. His research focuses on AI-augmented cognition, exploring how humans and computational systems can partner to accelerate knowledge acquisition and innovation. With over 100 peer-reviewed publications and 17 best paper awards or honorable mentions, Dr. Kittur has established himself as a leader in human-computer interaction and social computing. Dr. Kittur's research spans multiple interconnected areas focused on enhancing human cognition through technology. His work on crowd-augmented cognition examines how crowds and computation can collectively enhance human intellect. In social computing, he investigates how sociotechnical architectures can motivate and coordinate large groups for complex tasks. His research in data visualization and sensemaking explores how people collect, organize, and make decisions with online information. Most recently, his work has shifted toward LLM-augmented cognition, investigating how humans and large language models can work together in partnership to achieve better decisions and greater creativity than either could alone. Dr. Kittur's publications reveal a consistent trajectory toward increasingly sophisticated human-AI collaboration systems. Early work focused on crowdsourcing complex tasks (CrowdForge, CrowdSynthesis), then evolved to knowledge acceleration systems (Knowledge Accelerator, Fuse), and has recently centered on LLM-integrated cognition (Selenite, InkSpire, BioSpark). His research consistently demonstrates practical impact, with systems influencing products used by millions and receiving coverage in major media outlets including Nature News, The Economist, and The Wall Street Journal. Kavli fellow NSF CAREER award recipient Allen Newell Award for Research Excellence Inductee into the CHI Academy 17 best paper awards or honorable mentions across his publications Dr. Kittur has advised numerous students, including Andrew Kuznetsov, and has secured major research funding from NSF, NIH, Google, Microsoft, Bosch, Toyota, and other organizations. His Skeema browser extension project, which addresses tab overload through innovative project-based organization, has shown remarkable user retention and represents a practical application of his research on knowledge acceleration. His work with industry partners has influenced products used by millions, including Semantic Reader, Google Shopping, and Wikipedia features.
Anca Dragan is an Associate Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences at the University of California, Berkeley, where she runs the InterACT Lab focused on algorithms for human-AI and human-robot interaction. Currently on leave from Berkeley, she leads AI Safety and Alignment at Google DeepMind, overseeing safety for Gemini models and preparing for future advancements. Dragan has been a co-PI of the Center for Human-Compatible AI and served on the steering committee for the Berkeley AI Research (BAIR) Lab. B.Sc. in Computer Science from Jacobs University Bremen, Germany Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon University Dr. Dragan's research focuses on enabling AI agents to work effectively with, around, and in support of people. Her work bridges robotics, machine learning, and game theory to create systems that better understand human preferences and coordinate with users. Key areas include AI alignment (ensuring AI does what people actually want), learning reward functions from diverse human feedback forms, and developing algorithms for human-AI collaboration across domains like autonomous vehicles, brain-machine interfaces, and recommender systems. Her research emphasizes maintaining uncertainty about human preferences and accounting for the plurality of human values. Dr. Dragan's recent publications reveal a strong focus on addressing fundamental challenges in AI safety and alignment. Her work spans theoretical foundations of reward learning, practical implementations for human-AI coordination, and critical examinations of limitations in current approaches. There's a clear trajectory toward more robust, safe, and value-aligned AI systems that can handle complex human preferences while avoiding both present-day harms and potential catastrophic risks. IEEE RAS Early Academic Career Award in Robotics and Automation (2021) McEntyre Award for Excellence in Teaching (2020) PECASE (Presidential Early Career Award for Science and Engineering) (2019) Sloan Fellowship (2018) NSF CAREER Award (2017) Okawa Foundation Award (2017) MIT Tech Review 35 Innovators Under 35 (2017) Multiple best paper awards at top robotics and AI conferences Dr. Dragan has mentored numerous successful students who have gone on to faculty positions at MIT, Stanford, CMU, and Princeton, as well as industry roles at DeepMind, Waymo, and Meta. Her advising philosophy emphasizes both technical rigor and consideration of broader societal impacts. She has secured significant research funding including NSF CAREER, ONR Young Investigator, and Okawa Foundation awards, supporting work on human-AI interaction and alignment. Dragan has also consulted for Waymo for six years, helping develop roadmaps for deploying increasingly learning-based safety-critical systems. Dr. Dragan leads the InterACT Lab at UC Berkeley, which has produced influential work on Cooperative Inverse Reinforcement Learning, Inverse Reward Design, and other foundational concepts in human-AI interaction. The lab's research has significantly shaped the field of AI alignment, with applications spanning autonomous vehicles that coordinate with human drivers, brain-machine interfaces that adapt to user needs, and language models that better understand human preferences. Current work focuses on scaling safety approaches as AI capabilities advance, ensuring alignment keeps pace with technological progress.
Derek W Hoiem is a Professor in the Siebel School for Computing and Data Science at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, where he has been a faculty member since 2009. His research focuses on computer vision and related areas, and he is also the co-founder and Chief Science Officer of Reconstruct, an AI-based construction technology company. His educational background includes: PhD in Robotics, Carnegie Mellon University (2007) Beckman Postdoctoral Fellowship (2008) Prof. Hoiem's research spans computer vision, with a focus on object recognition, scene understanding, and graphics. His work also extends to mobile robotics and 3D scene reconstruction. He has made significant contributions in areas such as visual recognition, 3D modeling, and the application of computer vision in construction monitoring. His recent publications (2023-2025) demonstrate a strong focus on advancing multimodal understanding, particularly in region-based representations, 3D vision, and neural radiance fields. There is a clear trend towards integrating language and vision, improving efficiency in neural networks, and applying computer vision to real-world problems such as construction progress monitoring. His scientific awards and honors are extensive and include: IEEE Fellow (2022) University Scholar (2022) Koendrink Prize (2022) Dean's Award for Excellence in Research, Associate Professor (2021) Campus Distinguished Promotion Award (2015) Best Paper Award: IEEE Winter Conference on Applications in Computer Vision (WACV) (2015) CW Gear Junior Faculty Award (2014) IEEE PAMI Young Researcher Award (2014) Dean's Award for Excellence in Research, Assistant Professor (2014) Sloan Research Fellowship (2013) Intel Early Career Faculty Honor Program Award (2012) NSF CAREER Award (2011) ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award, Honorable Mention (2008) Carnegie Mellon University SCS Distinguished Dissertation Award (2008) Best Paper Award: IEEE Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) (2006) Prof. Hoiem has secured significant research funding, including an NSF CAREER award and an Intel Early Career Faculty award. He is also actively involved in technology transfer, having co-founded Reconstruct where he serves as Chief Science Officer. His teaching excellence is reflected in multiple "List of Teachers Ranked as Excellent" awards spanning from 2010 to 2021. Prof. Hoiem leads a research group at UIUC focused on computer vision and 3D scene understanding. Additionally, he co-founded and serves as Chief Science Officer at Reconstruct, which develops AI-based solutions for construction monitoring.
Prof. Srdjan Capkun is a Full Professor in the Department of Computer Science at ETH Zurich and Director of the Zurich Information Security and Privacy Center (ZISC). He holds a Dipl.Ing. from the University of Split (1998) and a Ph.D. from EPFL (2004). His research focuses on system and network security, including wireless security (e.g., secure positioning), trusted computing, blockchain technologies, and privacy-preserving systems. He co-founded 3db Access (acquired by Infineon) and Sound-Proof, addressing secure distance measurement and authentication. Notable achievements include an ERC Consolidator Grant (2016), ACM Fellowship, and IEEE Fellowship. Education: Dipl.Ing., Electrical Engineering / Computer Science, University of Split, 1998 Ph.D., Communication Systems, EPFL, 2004 Research Interests: Wireless security (e.g., UWB, GNSS, cellular) Trusted execution environments (TEEs) Blockchain and cryptocurrency systems Privacy-preserving technologies Awards & Grants: ERC Consolidator Grant (2016) ACM Fellow and IEEE Fellow Leadership of ZISC Advising & Labs: Leads the System Security Group at ETH Zurich Guided postdoctoral researchers and graduate students in security and privacy Companies: 3db Access (secure distance measurement) Futurae (online authentication)
April Yi Wang is a tenure-track Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science at ETH Zürich, where she directs the Programming, Education, and Computer-Human Interaction Lab (PEACH Lab). She is a core faculty member at the Institute for Intelligent Interactive Systems and associated with the ETH AI Center. Wang is also an active member of ETH HCI and Swiss CHI communities, contributing significantly to human-computer interaction and educational technology research. Dr. Wang's educational background includes: Ph.D. in Information Science from University of Michigan (2023), advised by Steve Oney and Christopher Brooks M.Sc. in Computer Science from Simon Fraser University (2018), advised by Parmit Chilana B.Eng in Computer Science from Zhejiang University (2016) Dr. Wang's research focuses on human-centered approaches to programming and data science. Her work reimagines programming as a form of literature that communicates with both machines and people, exploring creative representations like text, shapes, animations, and everyday objects. She investigates how to make programming more natural and intuitive through literate programming environments, with applications in professional and educational contexts. Her research spans human-computer interaction, educational technology, and AI-assisted programming tools. Analysis of Dr. Wang's recent publications reveals a strong focus on AI-enhanced educational tools, particularly for programming and data literacy. Her work increasingly integrates large language models to scaffold learning while maintaining user agency. There's a clear trajectory toward developing situated learning approaches that connect abstract concepts to real-world contexts through augmented reality and tangible interfaces. Her research bridges HCI, education, and AI to create more accessible and engaging technical learning experiences. Dr. Wang has received numerous prestigious awards including: 2023 Gary M. Olson Award and Honourable Mention Award at ACM CHI 2022 Rising Stars in EECS and Heidelberg Laureate Forum Young Researcher 2020 Best Short Paper Award at IEEE VL/HCC and Honourable Mention at ACM CHI 2019 Best Paper Award at ACM CSCW Dr. Wang actively mentors students through thesis projects at ETH Zürich, supervising numerous bachelor's and master's students on topics ranging from AI-assisted programming to data literacy tools. Her lab, PEACH Lab, has secured funding including the recent innovedum funding for the Coducate project. She serves on program committees for major conferences including CHI and UIST, and regularly reviews for top HCI and education journals. The PEACH Lab, directed by Dr. Wang, focuses on creating expressive, intelligent, and human-centered systems that make technical topics more accessible. The lab explores textual, visual, and embodied representations for programming, with emphasis on enhancing communication, collaboration, and learning. Current research directions include balancing automation with user agency, supporting diverse learning needs, and developing tools for interdisciplinary technical communication.