Robert Apel

Robert Apel is a Professor and Undergraduate Program Chair at Rutgers University-Newark's School of Criminal Justice. His research examines labor market impacts, justice policy effectiveness, and causal inference methods in criminology.

Research focus includes:

• Labor market consequences of criminal justice involvement
• Deterrence theory and sanction perceptions
• Policy evaluation of sentencing reforms
• Police-citizen interactions and legitimacy

His publications demonstrate consistent focus on collateral consequences of justice system contact, with recent work examining:

• Mental health impacts of incarceration
• Racial disparities in criminal record effects
• Body-worn camera impacts on police legitimacy
• Employment-crime relationships

He currently leads Arnold Ventures-funded projects evaluating criminal sentencing reforms ($734,030) and license suspension policy impacts ($350,008).