Paco Calvo

Paco Calvo is a Professor of Philosophy of Science at the University of Murcia, Spain, and Director of the Minimal Intelligence Lab (MINT Lab). His work focuses on plant cognition and intelligence, blending insights from cognitive science, philosophy, and biology to challenge traditional views of animal-centric intelligence. He leads interdisciplinary research on plant behavior, decision-making, and adaptive responses, emphasizing plant sentience and interspecies cognitive comparisons.

Calvo’s research areas include Plant Signaling & Behavior, Plant Cognition & Sentience, and the Philosophy of Plant Neurobiology. His lab, MINT Lab, investigates minimal cognition in plants through experimental and theoretical approaches. Notable contributions include the book *Planta Sapiens: The New Science of Plant Intelligence* (2023) and co-editing volumes like *The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Psychology* (2020).

Recent publications highlight plant sentience debates, protein-based intelligence markers, and plant-inspired robotics. Calvo actively engages in public discourse through media appearances, podcasts (e.g., *Behind Greatness Podcast*), and events like *Human Entities 2025* in Lisbon. His work advocates for a broader, ecologically grounded understanding of intelligence across life forms.