Find Academic Supervisors

Ana KlimovicView profile

Assistant Professor

• Cloud Computing
• Operating Systems
• Distributed Systems
• +4 more

Ana Klimovic is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Computer Science, ETH Zürich, and Deputy Head of the Institute for Computing Platforms. She leads the Efficient Architectures and Systems Lab (EASL) and focuses on optimizing cloud computing performance and resource efficiency. Education: Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering (Stanford University), M.S. in Electrical Engineering (Stanford), B.A.Sc. in Engineering Science (University of Toronto) Previous Roles: Research Scientist at Google Brain Her research spans cloud computing, operating systems, distributed systems, and their intersection with machine learning. Key areas include cloud-native programming models, elastic storage, GPU sharing, and data pipeline optimization. The 2025-2024 articles highlight trends in serverless computing, large language model (LLM) serving, GPU optimization, and data-centric ML systems. Themes include elasticity, resource multiplexing, heterogeneous computing, and infrastructure for AI/ML workloads. Scientific Awards: Microsoft Research PhD Fellowship, Stanford Graduate Fellowship She has led research projects on ephemeral storage, distributed training automation, and cost-efficient ML preprocessing, with grants from Microsoft Research and Stanford.

Roger BoltshauserView profile

Professor

• Tectonic Building Culture
• Grids and Order in Architecture
• Proportional Design
• +6 more

Roger Boltshauser is a Full Professor and Deputy Head at the Department of Architecture, ETH Zurich. His practice and academic work emphasize tectonic building culture, proportion, and material experimentation, diverging from mainstream German-Swiss architectural trends. He combines teaching with active architectural practice, influencing younger generations at ETH and TU Wien. Key themes: Tectonic structures, grid-based order, social responsibility in architecture, critique of modernist canons Notable projects: Hochhaus H1 Zwhatt-Areal (2025), Masterplan Zoo Basel (2025), Centre for Dental Medicine Zurich (2025) His buildings prioritize mass and permanence , evident in projects like the Kopfholz School and Rauch House . Recent works at the EPFL Solar Biennale (2025) and Architecture of Memory exhibition (2025) explore sustainable design and cultural narratives. Boltshauser’s studio on Dubsstrasse exemplifies research into load-bearing structures and urban spatial relationships.

Gustavo AlonsoView profile

Professor

• Databases
• Distributed Systems
• Cloud Computing Architecture
• +4 more

Gustavo Alonso is Full Professor at the Department of Computer Science (D-INFK) of ETH Zurich and Head of the Institute for Computing Platforms . He has been at ETH since 1995, first as a post-doc, then as Assistant Professor from April 1998, and promoted to Full Professor in October 2001. Within the Systems Group he leads the Information and Communication Systems Research Group . Education: 1989 – Telecommunications Engineering (undergraduate), Madrid Technical University (UPM-ETSIT), Spain 1992 – M.S. Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) 1994 – Ph.D. Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) Research Interests: His work spans databases, distributed systems, cloud-computing architecture, FPGAs, hardware acceleration for data science, parallel and reconfigurable computing . The group investigates how modern heterogeneous hardware—from GPUs to SmartNICs—can be integrated into data-processing systems to achieve orders-of-magnitude performance gains, energy savings, and new functionality such as in-network computation and serverless acceleration. Scientific Awards & Honors: Fellow of the ACM (Association for Computing Machinery) Fellow of the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Distinguished Alumnus, Department of Computer Science, UC Santa Barbara Four Test-of-Time / Most Influential Paper Awards across databases, programming languages, cloud computing, and software engineering Labs & Projects: He directs the Information and Communication Systems Research Group within the Systems Group ( systems.ethz.ch ). The lab develops open-source platforms such as Coyote v2 for FPGA abstractions, Shuhai for HBM benchmarking, and MicroRec for micro-second recommendation serving, while collaborating with industry on SmartNICs, serverless analytics, and cloud-scale data analytics.

Timothy RoscoeView profile

Professor

• Operating Systems
• Networking
• Distributed Systems
• +3 more

Prof. Dr. Timothy Roscoe is a Full Professor in the Department of Computer Science at ETH Zurich. His research focuses on operating systems, networking, and distributed systems. He was inducted as an ACM Fellow in 2014 for contributions to these fields. Previously, he worked at Intel Research Berkeley, UC Berkeley (Adjunct Professor), and Sprint Labs. His work includes foundational contributions to systems like PlanetLab, P2 Declarative Networking, and the Nemesis OS. Roscoe holds a PhD from the University of Cambridge and has led projects in cloud computing, wide-area network measurement, and secure systems design. His current research emphasizes hardware-software co-design, formal verification of systems, and scalable memory architectures. Education: PhD in Computer Science, University of Cambridge (1995) Key Roles: Principal Researcher at Intel Berkeley Lab, Visiting Researcher at National ICT Australia Research Highlights: Contributions to distributed systems (PlanetLab), declarative networking (P2), and secure microkernels (seL4 integration). Current projects address challenges in disaggregated memory systems, coherent interconnects, and trustworthy embedded systems. Awards: ACM Fellow (2014), numerous grants and industry collaborations. Labs/Teams: Systems Group at ETH Zurich, focusing on OS design, hardware architectures, and formal methods.

Afonso S. BandeiraView profile

Professor

• High Dimensional Probability
• Random Matrices
• Mathematical Statistics
• +3 more

Afonso S. Bandeira is a Professor in the Department of Mathematics (D-MATH) at ETH Zurich, where he conducts research at the intersection of mathematics, statistics, and computer science. He maintains strong affiliations with several interdisciplinary research centers including the Institute For Operations Research (IFOR), the Max Planck ETH Center for Learning Systems, the ETH Foundations of Data Science, and the ETH AI Center, with a courtesy appointment at D-ITET. Bandeira actively teaches courses including Mathematics of Signals, Networks, and Learning, and Mathematics of Data Science. His research focuses on High Dimensional Probability, Random Matrices, Mathematical Statistics, Theoretical Computer Science, Combinatorics, and Mathematical Optimization. Bandeira's work often explores the theoretical foundations of data science, examining phase transitions in statistical problems, computational barriers, and the geometry of high-dimensional spaces. He maintains a research group blog called Randomstrasse101 that emphasizes open problems in his field. Analysis of his recent publications reveals a strong focus on matrix and tensor concentration inequalities, synchronization problems, nonconvex optimization landscapes, and computational-statistical tradeoffs in high-dimensional inference. His work bridges theoretical mathematics with practical applications in machine learning and data analysis, particularly examining where computational limitations arise in statistical problems. Bandeira actively mentors students and researchers, currently supervising several doctoral candidates including Daniil Dmitriev, Konstantin Donhauser, Anastasia Kireeva, Kevin Lucca, Chiara Meroni, Gil Kur, Petar Nizic-Nikolac, and Almut Roedder. He emphasizes that students working with him should participate in the DACO seminar and group meetings, and encourages prospective students to have completed his Mathematics of Signals, Networks, and Learning or Mathematics of Data Science courses. He leads a research group focused on the mathematics of data science, with regular group meetings and seminars. Bandeira has developed comprehensive lecture notes including 'A Tour Through the Mathematics of Signals, Learning, and Networks' (2025) and 'Mathematics of Machine Learning' (2021), and previously authored 'Ten Lectures and Forty-Two Open Problems in the Mathematics of Data Science' (2015).

Peter A. FlachView profile

Professor

• Machine Learning
• Artificial Intelligence
• Explainable AI (XAI)
• +3 more

Peter A. Flach is Professor of Artificial Intelligence at the Intelligent Systems Laboratory, School of Computer Science, University of Bristol, where he has been faculty since 1997 and was promoted to Professor in 2003. He currently directs the UKRI AI Centre for Doctoral Training in Practice-Oriented Artificial Intelligence and serves as Vice-President of the European Association for Data Science (EuADS), having previously served as its President. His research centers on rigorous evaluation and improvement of machine learning systems, with seminal contributions to classifier calibration (including Beta Calibration and Precision-Recall-Gain curves), explainable AI frameworks, and data science methodology. He pioneered the extension of CRISP-DM to data science trajectories and developed Explainability Fact Sheets for systematic assessment of XAI approaches. His work bridges theoretical foundations with practical deployment in real-world systems. Analysis of his recent publications reveals a dominant focus on interpretable and reliable machine learning, with strong emphasis on performance evaluation metrics, model calibration techniques, and human-centered explainability. His research increasingly addresses healthcare applications through projects like SPHERE and clinical decision support systems, while maintaining core contributions to fundamental ML theory. His scientific recognition includes prestigious fellowships: Fellow of the European Lab for Learning and Intelligent Systems (ELLIS) Fellow of the European Association for Artificial Intelligence (EurAI) Professor Flach has secured major research funding including UKRI Centre for Doctoral Training grants and EU network funding (TAILOR). He leads extensive collaborations across Engineering, Population Health Science, and international institutions (Monash University, Polytechnic University of Valencia), plus over 20 industry partners in the Practice-Oriented AI CDT including LV= and QinetiQ. His work with the SPHERE project demonstrates successful translation of AI research into residential healthcare settings. He leads the Intelligent Systems Laboratory at Bristol, which develops influential open-source tools including the FAT Forensics Python toolbox for algorithmic fairness and the Explainability Fact Sheets framework. His lab maintains strong connections with the European AI community through ELLIS and EurAI, positioning Bristol as a hub for human-centered and methodologically rigorous AI research.

Robert HuberView profile

Lecturer

• Sustainable Agriculture
• Agricultural Policy
• Ecosystem Services
• +4 more

Dr. Robert Huber serves as a Lecturer at the Department of Environmental Systems Science at ETH Zürich, specializing in Agricultural Economics and Policy. His research focuses on the integration of interdisciplinary knowledge to analyze and evaluate management and policy options that promote sustainable development in the agricultural sector. Institution: ETH Zürich Department: Agricultural Economics and Policy Research Focus: Sustainable Agriculture and Policy Methodologies: Bio-economic and agent-based modeling Dr. Huber's research explores how multifunctional agricultural sectors can provide essential non-market goods and services while maintaining their primary economic function of food production. His work applies bio-economic and agent-based modeling techniques to understand farmers' decision-making processes regarding ecosystem services provision, coupled with economic valuation techniques to analyze societal demand for these services. His research aims to identify effective and efficient policy measures that align supply and demand for ecosystem services at landscape scale. His recent publications demonstrate strong expertise in agricultural policy analysis, climate change mitigation strategies, sustainable farming practices, and innovative modeling approaches. His work spans topics from herbicide-free agriculture using remote sensing technologies to biodiversity enhancement in agricultural landscapes and the cost-effectiveness of different climate change mitigation policies at various scales. Remote sensing applications in sustainable agriculture Behavioral aspects of farmer decision-making Policy evaluation methodologies Climate change adaptation in farming systems Economic valuation of ecosystem services Digitalization impacts on agricultural policy Dr. Huber has published extensively in high-impact journals including Journal of Agricultural Economics, People and Nature, and Q Open. His collaborative research often involves interdisciplinary teams addressing complex agricultural sustainability challenges. His publications demonstrate a consistent focus on practical policy implications derived from rigorous empirical analysis.

Sara GalliniView profile

Assistant Professor

• Cancer Biology
• Cellular Dynamics
• Epithelial Biology
• +3 more

Sara Gallini is an Assistant Professor at EPFL, leading the Gallini Lab within the ISREC Department of the School of Engineering (SV). Her research focuses on understanding how healthy and oncogenic cells compete in skin epithelium, aiming to identify therapeutic targets for skin cancer prevention. She holds a Tenure Track position and teaches in the Life Sciences Engineering program. Her lab employs advanced in vivo imaging and single-cell analysis techniques. Education details are not explicitly provided, but her career includes a postdoctoral fellowship with the HFSP. Her research integrates molecular, cellular, and systems-level approaches to study cancer initiation and tissue homeostasis, particularly in injury-driven dynamics. Lab Members: Includes PhD student Mustafa Öztürk and technical staff Mélanie Sipion. Key Research Themes: Oncogenic cell competition, epidermal regeneration, EGFR/ERK signaling, and therapeutic target discovery. Her lab collaborates with clinical teams and uses models like mouse skin to study tumor suppression mechanisms. Future work aims to leverage healthy cell dynamics for cancer treatment strategies. Contact: SV 2527 office, +41216936764, sara.gallini@epfl.ch .

Urs LangView profile

Professor

• Differential Geometry
• Metric Geometry
• Geometric Measure Theory
• +3 more

Urs Lang is a Full Professor at the Department of Mathematics, ETH Zurich, where he has held a professorship since 2001. His academic journey began with mathematics studies at the University of Berne and the University of Freiburg i.Br., culminating in a doctoral degree focused on hyperbolic geometry and minimal surfaces. Education: University of Berne (undergraduate) University of Freiburg i.Br. (doctoral degree) Lang's research lies at the intersection of differential geometry , metric geometry , and geometric group theory . His work explores non-positive curvature spaces, geometric measure theory, and large-scale Lipschitz analysis. Recent publications examine combinatorial hyperbolicity, isoperimetric inequalities, and rank-rigidity phenomena. The publications overview reveals a consistent focus on geometric structures, including: Higher-rank hyperbolicity in singular spaces Convex geodesic bicombings Injective hulls in geometric group theory Nonlinear potential theory on hyperbolic metric spaces Lipschitz extension problems Curvature comparison theorems Lang actively contributes to academic discourse through editorial roles at journals like Geometry and Topology and Analysis and Geometry in Metric Spaces , as well as organizing major conferences including the 2025 Metric Analysis Trimester Program at Bonn's Hausdorff Institute.

Kumar Varoon AgrawalView profile

Associate Professor

• Materials Science
• Chemical Engineering
• Membrane Technology
• +4 more

Kumar Varoon Agrawal is an Associate Professor at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), holding the Gaznat Chair for Advanced Separations. He is affiliated with the School of Basic Sciences (SB), the Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), and the Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS) in Sion, Switzerland. Additionally, he contributes to the Swiss Doctoral School in Chemical and Bioengineering (SCGC) and serves as Vice President of the Confédération des Chimistes et des Génie Chimique (CCE). Research Focus: Material Chemistry & Engineering at the Ångström scale for high-performance inorganic and hybrid membranes, emphasizing energy-efficient molecular separations. Teaching: Courses include Fundamentals of separation processes , Diffusion and mass transfer , and Chemical engineering product design . Scientific Contributions: His 15 most recent publications (2025-2020) span topics like graphene pore engineering , 2D material synthesis , carbon capture , and gas separation membranes , with keywords such as Nanotechnology , Materials Science , and Molecular Transport . Subfields include Atomic-Scale Pores , Membrane Stability , and Industrial Scalability . Students and Collaborations: He advises 10 current PhD students and has mentored 9 past PhD candidates in areas like graphene membranes , ion separation , and MOF films . He is an Academic Referent for the EPFL Carbon Team and a committee member for the EDCH Doctoral Program in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering.

Pedro M. ReisView profile

Professor

• Mechanics and physics of solids and structures
• Buckling of slender structures
• Harvesting function from mechanical instabilities
• +2 more

Pedro M. Reis serves as Full Professor and Director of the Institute of Mechanical Engineering (IGM) at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), leading the Flexible Structures Laboratory (FLEXLAB) within the School of Engineering (STI). He holds additional appointments as Full Professor in STI-SGM Teaching, Member of the STI Academic Evaluation Committee, and PhD Program Committee Member for Mechanics. His academic journey includes: B.Sc. in Physics, University of Manchester (1999) Certificate of Advanced Studies in Mathematics, University of Cambridge (2000) Ph.D. in Physics, University of Manchester (2004) Postdoctoral research at City College of New York (2004-2005) and CNRS/ESPCI Paris (2005-2007) Faculty positions at MIT (2007-2013) as Esther and Harold E. Edgerton Assistant Professor and Gilbert W. Winslow Associate Professor Reis's research pioneers the exploitation of mechanical instabilities in flexible structures, spanning experimental mechanics, fluid-structure interactions, and buckling phenomena. His work bridges theoretical modeling with physical experimentation to develop novel functional materials and devices, emphasizing practical applications in engineering design and soft matter systems. His accolades include: 2013 Brilliant 10 recognition by Popular Science 2014 NSF CAREER Award 2016 Thomas J.R. Hughes Young Investigator Award (ASME) 2016 GSOFT Early Career Award (APS) APS Fellowship and 2021 Presidency of the Society of Engineering Science (SES) Reis actively mentors nine PhD students across current and graduated cohorts while directing FLEXLAB's experimental research on structural instabilities. His leadership extends to institutional roles including Director of IGM and committee memberships shaping EPFL's academic framework and doctoral programs in mechanics.

Li TangView profile

Associate Professor

• Immunoengineering
• Cancer Immunotherapy
• Immune Metabolism
• +7 more

Li Tang is an Associate Professor with tenure at École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), affiliated with the Institute of Bioengineering (IBI) and the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (IMX) within the School of Engineering (STI). She leads the Laboratory of Biomaterials for Immunoengineering, focusing on developing innovative strategies at the intersection of immunology, materials science, and cancer therapy. Her work bridges fundamental research and clinical translation, with multiple ongoing clinical trials based on CAR-T cell therapies developed in her lab. B.S. in Chemistry, Peking University (2003–2007) Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (2007–2012) Postdoctoral Fellow, MIT (2013–2016) Her research lies at the forefront of immunoengineering, integrating chemical, metabolic, and mechanical approaches to modulate immune responses. Key areas include cancer immunotherapy, immune metabolism, mechano-immunology, and biomaterials. She investigates how physical and biochemical cues can reprogram T cells, overcome exhaustion, and enhance tumor targeting. Her work emphasizes multidimensional immunity-disease interactions, aiming to develop safer and more effective therapies for cancer and autoimmune diseases. The recent publications highlight a strong trend in engineering immune cells (especially CAR-T) for enhanced durability and function, using advanced biomaterials and metabolic reprogramming. There is a clear focus on overcoming challenges in solid tumors, modulating the tumor microenvironment, and translating findings into clinical applications. The use of nanoparticle delivery, single-cell analysis, and biomechanical cues are recurring themes across her work. Notable scientific awards include: Friedrich Miescher Award (2025) ERC Starting Grant (2018) MIT TR35 Innovators Under 35 (China Region, 2020) Nano Research Young Innovator Award (2018) Biomaterials Science Emerging Investigator (2019) Materials Horizons Emerging Investigator (2020) Li Tang actively mentors PhD students across multiple doctoral programs (EDBB, EDMS, EDMX) and has advised numerous graduates who have gone on to prestigious postdoctoral and faculty positions. She is involved in significant research grants, including an Innosuisse project with Novochizol SA, and her lab is supported by competitive funding. She teaches core courses such as Immunoengineering and Next-Generation Biomaterials, shaping the next generation of scientists. Her lab fosters interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation, with active projects in chemical, metabolic, and mechanical immunoengineering, as well as CAR-T cell development. She is the Principal Investigator of the Tang Lab, which includes postdoctoral fellows, PhD students, and technical staff. The lab is actively recruiting and has a strong publication and clinical translation record. Tang Lab is also involved in multiple MA/BA training projects and promotes student engagement in cutting-edge research. The lab’s discoveries are being translated into clinical trials, reflecting a strong commitment to translational science.

• Artificial Intelligence
• Deep Learning
• Recurrent Neural Networks
• +12 more

Juergen Schmidhuber is Associate Professor at the Faculty of Informatics of Università della Svizzera italiana and a leading researcher at the Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence (IDSIA USI-SUPSI). He is also Chief Scientist at NNAISENSE, a company dedicated to building practical general-purpose AI. His work has profoundly influenced modern artificial intelligence, particularly through the development of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks in 1991, now deployed across billions of devices for speech recognition, machine translation, and virtual assistants. His research interests span Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, Recurrent Neural Networks, Universal AI, Meta-Learning, Algorithmic Information Theory, Artificial Curiosity, Robotics , and Low-Complexity Art . He has pioneered mathematically rigorous frameworks for self-improving AI systems and formal theories of creativity and beauty. His work bridges theoretical foundations with real-world applications in computer vision, natural language processing, and autonomous robotics. The recent articles reflect a consistent trajectory of innovation, combining deep theoretical insights with scalable machine learning architectures. His publications emphasize sequence modeling, universal learning, intrinsic motivation, and computational creativity , demonstrating both foundational contributions and industrial impact. From LSTM to Goedel machines, his work consistently targets the long-term goal of self-improving general AI. Scientific Awards: Numerous awards in AI and machine learning (specific names not listed) Schmidhuber leads a research group at IDSIA, where he mentors students and researchers in advancing the frontiers of AI. His lab has secured significant recognition and industrial collaboration, though specific grants are not detailed. He promotes the 'New AI'—general, sound, and relevant to physics—and continues to explore the convergence of intelligence, computation, and the universe. Labs and Teams: Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence (IDSIA USI-SUPSI) NNAISENSE (as Chief Scientist)

Kristina SchoonjansView profile

Associate Professor

• Bile acid signaling
• Nutrient sensing
• Intermediary metabolism
• +11 more

Kristina Schoonjans is an Associate Professor at EPFL’s School of Life Sciences, where she leads the Laboratory of Metabolic Signaling (UPSCHOONJANS). Her research focuses on the molecular mechanisms of bile acid signaling, nutrient sensing, and intermediary metabolism, particularly in the context of metabolic disorders such as obesity, fatty liver disease, and cancer. She investigates how the liver-gut-brain axis integrates metabolic signals through nuclear receptors and mitochondrial dynamics. Her research interests include: Bile acid signaling and its role as a hormonal regulator Nutrient and metabolite sensing in energy homeostasis Intermediary metabolism and metabolic disorders Role of nuclear receptors (e.g., TGR5, LRH-1) in liver, gut, and adipose tissue Mitochondrial dynamics and fission in metabolic regulation Organoid models for studying liver and intestinal metabolism Systems genetics using BXD mouse populations The most recent articles highlight a strong focus on bile acid signaling, particularly through TGR5 and LRH-1, in regulating metabolic health. Themes include the conversion of white fat to beige fat (beiging), hepatic tumorigenesis, mitochondrial fission, and the use of organoid and genetically engineered mouse models. There is a consistent emphasis on translational applications for obesity, fatty liver disease, and cancer. Scientific honors include: Windaus Prize from the Dr. Falk Foundation (2010, shared with Johan Auwerx) for the discovery of the signaling/endocrine function of bile acids Prof. Schoonjans actively supervises PhD students and has advised numerous doctoral candidates who have since completed their theses. Her lab is supported by multiple grants from Swiss and international funding agencies, including the Swiss National Science Foundation, EPFL, CONACYT, and the Foundation for Health and Education. She teaches in several doctoral programs at EPFL, including Life Sciences Engineering, and contributes to education through the SSV and EDBB/EDCB/EDMS-ENS programs. The Schoonjans Lab brings together scientists, doctoral assistants, and technicians working on projects related to metabolic signaling. The team uses advanced techniques such as genetically modified mouse models, organoid cultures, and multi-omics (metabolomics, proteomics, transcriptomics) to study the liver-gut and brain-liver axes. The lab has a strong track record of high-impact publications and collaborations with institutions worldwide.

Mathias PayerView profile

Associate Professor

• Software Security
• System Security
• Binary Exploitation
• +3 more

Mathias Payer is an Associate Professor at EPFL's School of Computer and Communication Sciences (IC), leading the HexHive Laboratory . His work focuses on software security, particularly addressing memory corruption and type violations through binary analysis and compiler-based techniques. He contributes to research in secure system design, fault isolation, and fuzzing methodologies. Current PhD students : Di Bartolomeo Luca, Feng Zhiyao, Hofhammer Florian, Lyu Tao, Mao Philipp Yuxiang, Zhang Chibin, Zheng Han Past EPFL PhD students: Badoux Nicolas Daniel, Bhattacharyya Atri, Hazimeh Ahmad His research explores software security in areas like: Protecting applications from vulnerabilities Binary exploitation and mitigation Compiler-driven security hardening Strong sanitization and privilege separation Memory corruption detection The HexHive group develops tools and frameworks for: Automated fuzz driver generation Gradual compartmentalization State inference for feedback optimization Secure cell architectures Recent publications highlight advancements in: Fuzzing hybrid approaches (e.g., DUMPLING, MendelFuzz) Memory safety validation (QMSan, Pacmem) Compiler-assisted defenses (Gradient, Type++)