Xandra Kramer

Xandra Kramer is Professor of Private Law at Erasmus School of Law, Erasmus University Rotterdam, and holds a part-time professorship in Private International Law at Utrecht University. She serves as Deputy Judge at the District Court of Rotterdam and is a member of its advisory board. Elected to the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2019 (where she chairs the Law section), she is also an elected member of the Institute de Droit International (2021) and serves on the Council of the European Law Institute.

Her educational background includes:

• Law degree from Leiden University (cum laude)
• PhD on provisional measures and private international law (2001)

Kramer's research focuses on civil justice and private international law, particularly examining the intersection of economic efficiency and procedural fairness, civil justice system functionality, transnational complex litigation, and EU private international law harmonization. Her multidisciplinary approach combines doctrinal legal research, comparative law, policy analysis, and empirical studies to develop practical solutions for contemporary justice challenges in globalized legal contexts.

Her recent publications reveal a consistent focus on civil justice innovation, including model rules for European civil procedure, international business courts, digital justice transformation, and novel funding mechanisms for collective redress. These works demonstrate her commitment to addressing systemic challenges in civil justice through both theoretical frameworks and practical implementation strategies, with particular attention to EU harmonization efforts and cross-border litigation complexities.

Notable scientific achievements:

• Ars Aequi prize for first student article (1996)
• VIDI-grant by NWO for cross-border enforcement research (2010)
• ERC consolidator grant for Building EU Civil Justice project (2016)
• VICI grant by NWO for Affordable Access to Justice project (2020)
• Election to Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (2019)
• Election to Institute de Droit International (2021)

Professor Kramer has supervised numerous graduate students and secured substantial research funding, including multiple NWO grants and ERC funding. She has led comparative studies for Dutch Ministry of Justice, European Parliament, and European Commission on international mass litigation, debt collection, and private international law frameworks. As reporter for the ELI-Unidroit workgroup on European Rules of Civil Procedure, she contributes directly to shaping civil procedure standards across Europe. Her current ERC consolidator project examines procedural innovations and their impact on access to justice, building on her extensive research in cross-border enforcement and civil procedure harmonization.